Ensuring Parliamentary Gender Equality Through a New Zipper Method: An Application to Finland

Delgado‐Márquez, Blanca L.; Ramírez-González, Victoriano; López-Carmona, Adolfo

doi:10.1007/s11205-013-0301-3

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Bird (2003 indicated that as a result of the zipper method women hold almost half (47.5%) of the seats on municipal councils, up from just a quarter (25.7%) in previous elections. Delgado-Má rquez et al (2014) analyzed the application of this method in Finland and found that parity in gender representation increased at national, party, and constituency levels throughout all of the parliamentary elections in Finland, even approaching optimal numerical parity (i.e., 50% for each gender) in most cases. Thus, when there is demand through the formal rules, party leaders manage to find women with political ambition to run as candidates.…”

Section: Reasons For the Low Level Of Gender Representation In Local Governmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women's Leadership in Local Government

Akirav¹

2021

RES

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In the last two decades the number of women involved in politics locally and nationally has increased.  Nevertheless, there is limited empirical work investigating the increase in the number of female candidates for the position of mayor. To fill this gap in the literature, we conducted interviews with 57 of the 72 female candidates for mayor in Israel before the October 2018 elections, and 37 of the 72 female candidates for mayor after the election. In addition, we interviewed 11 male candidates and men elected as mayors after the election, as well. On the individual level with regard to political ambition, we found that there are four components whose synergy results in more women being encouraged to run for mayor: mentoring, information, networking for women and training. We called this model the MINT model, which has emerged from the interviews conducted with the candidates. On the societal level, it is important to increase public awareness of the importance of gender representation and hence, voting for women to be mayors.

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Section: Reasons For the Low Level Of Gender Representation In Local Governmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women's Leadership in Local Government

Akirav¹

2021

RES

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“…In this context, the legal construction as an effort to fulfill women's rights to participate in elections to the electoral legal system is through a zipper system mechanism (see, Delgado-Márquez et al, 2014;Moon et al, 2008;Freidenvall, 2005). This zipper system has been widely used by countries, with examples of Sweden and Germany (Moon et al, 2008;Freidenvall, 2005;Moon et al, 2008).…”

Section: Gender Justice Of Legislative Election Based On National Insightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Specificity in Democratic Elections: International Implementability as an Exemplary for Indonesian Political Landscape

Pinilih

2020

AJIS

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Women's participation in the electoral field is very important to be guaranteed by the state. In practice, there is often an imbalance in the number of female and male members. There needs to be a special policy to accommodate women's rights in these elections. This paper aims to examine how the legal construction in the electoral field is responsive to the right of women to participate. The method of approach used in this study is the socio-legal approach. The results found that the legal construction of gender justice-based elections to the electoral system is by increasing women's representation through the zipper system or alternating position between men and women in elections. In addition, this mechanism should be mutually agreed upon in various technical arrangements to implement this mechanism design.

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Does Gender Equality Promote Happiness in Developing Countries?

Ndoya,

Belomo,

Okere

et al. 2024

Journal of Economic Issues

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Ensuring Parliamentary Gender Equality Through a New Zipper Method: An Application to Finland

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Women's Leadership in Local Government

Women's Leadership in Local Government

Gender Specificity in Democratic Elections: International Implementability as an Exemplary for Indonesian Political Landscape

Does Gender Equality Promote Happiness in Developing Countries?

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Ensuring Parliamentary Gender Equality Through a New Zipper Method: An Application to Finland

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Women&#39;s Leadership in Local Government

Women&#39;s Leadership in Local Government

Gender Specificity in Democratic Elections: International Implementability as an Exemplary for Indonesian Political Landscape

Does Gender Equality Promote Happiness in Developing Countries?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Women's Leadership in Local Government

Women's Leadership in Local Government