Ensuring fair Short-Time Work - A European Overview

Müller, Torsten; Schulten, Thorsten

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3604092

Cited by 30 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…Employment programs: Another measure for protecting jobs and creating new opportunities is supporting the design and implementation of employment programs such as emergency employment programs and programs that promote decent work, 25,36,37 short-term work programs, or labor-intensive public work programs. 25,32,38–40 These are effective for worker empowerment and economic recovery. 25 While these programs may alleviate the short-term suffering of unemployed people, additional measures are needed to support the challenging transition to future long-term employment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Economic Response and Recovery: A Rapid Scoping Review

et al. 2021

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This rapid scoping review of existing evidence and research gaps addressed the following question: what research evidence exists and what are the research gaps at global, regional, and national levels on interventions to protect jobs, small- and medium-sized enterprises, and formal/informal sector workers in socioeconomic response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic? The results are based on 79 publications deemed eligible for inclusion after the screening and prioritizing of 1,658 records. The findings are organized according to the 3 main categories of socioeconomic interventions—protecting jobs, enterprises, and workers—although the 3 are intertwined. Most results were derived from global-level gray literature with recommendations for interventions and implicit links to the sustainable development goals. Based on research gaps uncovered in the review, future implementation science research needs to focus on designing, implementing, evaluating, and scaling: effective evidence-based socioeconomic interventions; equity-focused, redistributive, and transformative interventions; comprehensive packages of complementary interventions; interventions to upend root causes of systemic social inequities; collaborative and participatory approaches; interventions that integrate environmental sustainability; and city-level interventions. Failing to consider the environmental dimensions of economic recovery is shortsighted and will ultimately exacerbate social inequities and poverty and undermine economic stability in the long term.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Economic Response and Recovery: A Rapid Scoping Review

et al. 2021

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“…These schemes intend to help workers retain jobs and were successful after the 2008 crisis, preserving an estimated 580,000 jobs in Germany (Hijzen and Martin 2013). Fifty million workers in Europe were participating in STW schemes in April 2020 (Müller and Schulten 2020). The European Commission recognises the importance of these schemes and has provided €100 billion in support.…”

Section: Gender Issues In the Design Of Short Time Work Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A third issue is non-standard employment, including temporary, parttime and agency employment. While few STW schemes single out vulnerable workers or explicitly acknowledge gender segregation in employment, some focus support on businesses particularly impacted, and most extend it to non-standard workers (Müller and Schulten 2020). For example, Germany's kurzarbeit STW scheme, in place for many years, was extended to temporary agency workers.…”

Section: Gender Issues In the Design Of Short Time Work Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the time of writing, the UK scheme is due to end in October 2020. Norway's scheme is also six months in duration, Germany's is likely to be extended to 24 months, while Italy's is also one year (Müller and Schulten 2020). Research on job protection schemes after the 2008 crisis shows that while employment rates among permanent, full time employees tended to return to pre-crisis levels, non-standard workers were typically not retained (Hijzen and Venn 2011).…”

Section: Gender Issues In the Design Of Short Time Work Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A further issue especially relevant in Germany is that trade unions have been successful in increasing the compensation level through collective agreements for many workersup to 90% and above in local government, metalworking and chemicals for example(Müller and Schulten 2020). However, women are more likely than men to work in low-wage industries where fewer workers are covered by collective agreements, which generates another source of gender inequality.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A gendered lens on COVID-19 employment and social policies in Europe

Cook

Grimshaw

2020

European Societies

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The COVID-19 outbreak and resultant economic crisis has led to governments in Europe taking extraordinary action to support citizens. Bodies such as the International Labour Organisation (ILO) recommend such measures should include targeted support for the most affected population groups. Women form one of these groups, with disproportionate impacts on their employment and economic resources already documented. Although the disruption brought about by the COVID-19 crisis has the potential to reshape gender relations for everyone's benefit, there are concerns that the crisis will exacerbate underlying gender inequalities. Though these impacts are likely to be felt globally, public policy has the potential to mitigate them and to ensure a gender-sensitive recovery from the crisis. This paper introduces a gendered lens on the employment and social policies European countries have established since the crisis, with a brief comparative analysis of shorttime working schemes in four countries-Germany, Italy, Norway, and the UK. Ongoing research seeks to extend the comparative, gendered analysis of the design, access and impacts of COVID-19 employment and social policies across Europe.

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The Paradox of Job Retention Schemes: A Latent Growth Curve Modeling Approach to Immediate and Prolonged Effects of Short-Time Work on Job Insecurity and Employee Well-Being

Klug,

Bernhard-Oettel,

Sverke

2024

J Happiness Stud

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Many countries rely on short-time work to prevent mass layoffs in economic crises. Despite serving to protect jobs, short-time work may trigger job insecurity perceptions, which may impair employee well-being. Moreover, past experiences of unemployment may increase susceptibility to job insecurity in response to short-time work. Drawing on Conservation of Resources (COR) Theory, Appraisal Theory and temporal stressor-strain models, this study investigates effects of short-time work on the development of job satisfaction, life satisfaction and affective well-being via perceived job insecurity across 6 years, considering previous unemployment as a moderator. We used propensity score matching to account for selectivity into short-time work and calculated latent growth curve models with N = 1211 employees in Germany (619 affected by short-time work, 592 controls). Short-time work predicted higher levels and an immediate increase in job insecurity, followed by a decrease over time. Both levels and changes in job insecurity were associated with levels and changes in well-being. Indirect effects of short-time work on well-being via job insecurity persisted 2 years after short-time work. We found no difference between previously unemployed respondents and others in their reactions to short-time work. The findings support COR theory and a prolonged stress-reaction model, showing lingering effects on well-being via job insecurity even after short-time work ends. The study supports short-time work as an antecedent of job insecurity and reveals temporal dynamics between job insecurity, its antecedents and outcomes over time. When implementing short-time work, employers should aim to mitigate concerns about job security to protect employee well-being.

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Ensuring fair Short-Time Work - A European Overview

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

COVID-19 Economic Response and Recovery: A Rapid Scoping Review

COVID-19 Economic Response and Recovery: A Rapid Scoping Review

A gendered lens on COVID-19 employment and social policies in Europe

The Paradox of Job Retention Schemes: A Latent Growth Curve Modeling Approach to Immediate and Prolonged Effects of Short-Time Work on Job Insecurity and Employee Well-Being

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