Ensuring a competent public health responder workforce: The CDC experience

Abstract

Introduction: From 2009 to 2016, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) activated its Incident Management System for a public health emergency 91 percent of the time. The CDC must ensure its workforce is prepared for the evolving nature of emergencies.Objectives: The purpose of this assessment was to identify perceived preparedness and response training needs for the CDC responder workforce.Methods: Between November 2012 and January 2013, focus groups and in-depth interviews were conducted with CDC responders, including senior leaders. The evaluation questions were: (1) How well does the current training system prepare CDC staff to respond to emergency events? (2) What gaps exist in the current training system? and (3) What trainings are essential and should be included in the training system?Results: Eight focus groups were conducted with 51 responders and 18 interviews with response leaders. Themes were identified for each main outcome measure and translated to training improvements.Conclusions: The CDC workforce received foundational training. Recommendations are provided to better prepare responders during an emergency. Periodic assessments are necessary to expand training and remain responsive to the complexities of emerging threats.

Training needs assessment tools for the public health workforce at an institutional and individual level: a review

“…ECDC assessments were more oriented to organizational TNA rather than individual ones, 8 , 19–21 and this study fills this gap by exploring the best practices and examples of both individual and organizational assessments. For instance, public health organizations used PH WINS for training needs self-assessment, 22–25 Hennessy–Hick’s questionnaire was used for training needs self-assessment and organizational assessment, 13 CoP for training needs self-assessment, 25 and CDC’s tool for organizational assessment 15 as documented in this study.…”

“…The PH WINS survey, FoC and PHSKF gather mainly quantitative information while the CDC gathers also qualitative data. 15 …”

“…For example, O’ Meara et al . 15 identified the perceived preparedness and response training needs for the CDC personnel. They conducted focus groups and interviews using the following questions: ‘How well does the current training system prepare CDC staff to respond to emergency events?’, ‘What gaps exist in the current training system?’, and ‘What other existing or potential training is essential and should be included in the training system?’ The authors were able to identify three areas to enhance CDC performance by including training leaders working at the command center for incident management system (IMS) activations, and those who participated in the interviews and the focus group.…”