Ensiling of Soybean Curd Residue and Wet Brewers Grains With or Without Other Feeds as a Total Mixed Ration

Abstract

Wet brewers grains and soybean curd residue were stored in laboratory-scale silos without (BG and SC silages, respectively) or with other ingredients as total mixed rations (BGT and SCT silages, respectively). Silages were opened after 14 and 56 d, and microbial counts, fermentation products, and aerobic stability were determined. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was carried out to examine bacterial communities, and several bacteria that appeared to be involved in fermentation were identified. Lactic acid content was greater in SCT than in BGT silage, but lower in SC than in BG silage. Ethanol content was greater in BG than in SC regardless of silage type. Aerobic deterioration occurred promptly in ensiling materials (nonensiled by-products and total mixed ration mixtures) and in silages stored alone; however, SCT and BGT silages resisted deterioration and no heating was found for more than 5.5 d regardless of storage period. Silages were stable even with high yeast populations at silo opening, whereas prolonged ensiling decreased yeast counts in the 2 total mixed ration silages. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles appeared similar between SCT and BGT silages but not between SC and BG silages. Weissella spp. and Lactobacillus brevis were common in aerobically stable SCT and BGT silages, and Lactobacillus buchneri was detected only in BGT silage. Both L. brevis and L. buchneri were found in silage but not in ensiling materials. Several other lactic acid bacteria were also identified in SCT and BGT silages, but did not appear to be related to fermentation and aerobic stability.

Weissella viridescens in meat products – a review

“…They are frequently isolated from plant material, e.g. fresh vegetables, cassava and silage (Wang and Nishinno 2008), cacao beans (De Bruyne et al 2008), as well as from meat and meat products (Milbourne 1983;Collins et al 1993;Han et al 2010;Patterson et al 2010;Han et al 2011;Comi and Iacumin 2012;Doulgeraki et al 2012;Kesmen et al 2012), fish (Tanasupawat et al 2000;Liu et al 2009), kimchi (Choi et al 2002;Jang et al 2002;Lee et al 2002), specialties from Malaysia (Björkroth et al 2002), soil (Magnusson et al 2002) and, in isolated cases, they can also occur in clinical material of human or animal origin. In such cases, they are of course associated with other bacteria.…”

First description of a novel Weissella species as an opportunistic pathogen for rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) in China

“…Members of the genus Weissella have been isolated from a variety of sources, such as fresh vegetables, fermented silage (Dellaglio and Torriani, 1986;Ennahar et al, 2003;Wang and Nishinno, 2008), meat or meat products (Milbourne, 1983;Santos et al, 2005;Koort et al, 2006), desert spring and desert plants (Holzapfel and van Wyk, 1982), sugar cane, carrot juice, row milk and sewage (Hammes and Vogel, 1995), milking machine slime (Kandler et al, 1983), soil (Magnusson et al, 2002), fermented sausages (Collins et al, 1993), Korean kimchi (Choi et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2002;Kim and Chun, 2005), Malaysian foods (Leisner et al, 1999;Bjö rkroth et al, 2002) or fermented mescal of Agave salmiana (Escalante- Minakata et al, 2008). But only Weissella confusa and Weissella cibaria have been described from human or animal clinical samples.…”

Changes in in vitro Rumen Fermentation Characteristics of Different Compositions of Total Mixed Rations (TMR) and the Ensiled TMRs

“…The use of ensiled TMR (referred to as eTMR or TMR silage) has been expanded because of its long-term preservation and favourable nutritional changes due to lactic acid fermentation. Studies on eTMR have increased in recent years, particularly in Asian counties that are usually in humid climate (Nishino et al, 2004;Wang and Nishino, 2008;Weinberg et al, 2011). Recently, it was reported that eTMR using whole-crop rice and rice bran leads to low methane production in vitro and in vivo, compared to TMR which was not ensiled (Cao et al, 2010a;Cao et al, 2012), resulting in the decrease of feed energy loss.…”