Ensiling characteristics and ruminal degradation of Italian ryegrass and lucerne silages treated with cell wall-degrading enzymes

Yu, Zhu; Nishino, Norikazu; Kishida, Yoshikazu; Uchida, Senji

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199911)79:14<1987::aid-jsfa466>3.0.co;2-j

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Several researchers attributed the decline in pH of the ensiled forage to the fermentation of WSC by lactic acid bacteria (Rooke et al 1990;Davies et al 1998). Changes in the ensiling products reported in this study were consistent with changes reported for other ensiled forages (Davies et al 1998;Zhu et al 1999;Mustafa et al 2002). Despite differences in WSC and lactic acid concentration between the three legume silages, the low final pH suggests that all silages were well preserved.…”

Section: Ensiling Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 84%

Characteristics and in situ degradability of whole crop faba bean, pea, and soybean silages

Mustafa¹,

Séguin²

2003

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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P. 2003. Characteristics and in situ degradability of whole crop faba bean, pea, and soybean silages. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 793-799. The objective of this study was to determine the ensiling characteristics and ruminal nutrient degradabilities of faba bean (FS, Vicia faba L.), soybean (SS, Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and pea (PS, Pisum sativum L.) silages. Forages were harvested between the beginning-and full-seed stages and ensiled in mini-silos for 0, 2, 4, 16, and 45 d. Two lactating Holstein cows fitted with ruminal fistulae were used to determine ruminal nutrient degradabilities. Results showed that all silages went through a rapid fermentation as indicated by rapid decline in pH and sharp increase in lactic acid concentration within the first 2 d of ensiling. Extensive proteolysis took place between day 0 and day 4 post-ensiling as indicated by a significant reduction in true protein (TP) and a significant increase in non-protein nitrogen (NPN). During the 45 d of ensiling, TP decreased (P < 0.05) by 26, 31, and 45% while NPN increased (P < 0.05) by 82, 54, and 47% for FS, SS, and PS, respectively. Chemical analysis showed that the three 45-d silages contained a similar level of neutral detergent fiber (NDF, average 421 g kg -1 ). Crude protein (CP) was highest (P < 0.05) for FS, intermediate for SS, and lowest for PS. Distribution of protein fractions showed that soluble protein and NPN were highest (P < 0.05) for PS, intermediate for SS, and lowest for FS. Neutral (NDICP) and acid (ADICP) detergent insoluble protein levels followed an opposite order to that observed for soluble crude protein (SCP) and NPN. Results of the in situ study showed that SS and PS had a similar ruminal degradability of dry matter (average 68.8%) and CP (82.9%), which were higher (P < 0.05) than those of FS (66.2 and 79.4%, respectively). However, no differences in ruminal degradability of NDF (average 34.7%) were observed between the three legume silages. . Les fourrages ont été récoltés du début à la fin de la production des graines puis stockés dans des silos miniatures pendant 0, 2, 4, 16 et 45 jours. Les chercheurs ont ensuite utilisé deux vaches Holstein en lactation pourvues d'une fistule au rumen pour vérifier la dégradation des éléments nutritifs. Les ensilages connaissent une fermentation rapide, comme le révèle la brusque chute du pH et la forte hausse de la concentration d'acide lactique au cours des deux premiers jours. Une forte protéolyse survient entre le jour 0 et le jour 4, ainsi qu'en témoignent la réduction appré-ciable de la concentration de vraies protéines (VP) et la hausse sensible de la teneur en azote non protéique (ANP). Pendant les 45 jours d'ensilage, la concentration de VP de l'EF, de l'ES et de l'EP baisse (P < 0,05) respectivement de 26, de 31 et de 45 % alors que celle d'ANP augmente (P < 0,05) de 82, de 54 et de 47 %. L'analyse chimique révèle que les trois ensilages contiennent une concentration analogue de fibres au détergent neutre après 45 jours d'ensilage (421 g par kilo, en moyenne). C'est l'...

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Section: Ensiling Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 84%

Characteristics and in situ degradability of whole crop faba bean, pea, and soybean silages

Mustafa¹,

Séguin²

2003

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…The rapid decline in pH of the ensiled forage is likely the result of fermentation of water-soluble carbohydrates by acetic and lactic acid producing bacteria (Rooke et al, 1990;Davies et al, 1998). The general pattern in changes in pH reported this study is consis-tent with changes observed for other ensiled forages such as perennial ryegrass (Davies et al, 1998) and Italian ryegrass (Zhu et al, 1999) silage.…”

Section: Ensiling Characteristics Of Pea Silagesupporting

confidence: 79%

Effects of Cultivars on Ensiling Characteristics, Chemical Composition, and Ruminal Degradability of Pea Silage

Mustafa

Séguin

Ouellet

et al. 2002

Journal of Dairy Science

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A study was conducted to determine the effects of cultivar on ensiling characteristics, chemical composition and ruminal nutrient degradability of pea (Pisum sativum L.) silage. The cultivars evaluated were Lenca (L), Carneval (C), and Delta (D). Peas were field-grown and forage was harvested and ensiled in mini-silos for 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 70 d. The ensiled forage of all cultivars went through a rapid fermentation with a sharp reduction in pH during the first 2 days of ensiling. Extensive proteolysis took place between 0 and 2 d as indicated by a reduction in true protein and neutral detergent insoluble protein (NDICP) and an increase in nonprotein nitrogen. Chemical analysis of the 70 d silage showed that cultivar L contained higher neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber and lower starch levels than C and D. Crude protein was highest for C (20.5% DM), intermediate for D (19.0% DM) and lowest for L (17.9% DM). Distribution of protein fractions showed that L contains lower soluble protein and higher NDICP levels than the other two pea cultivars. However, no difference in acid detergent insoluble protein levels was observed between the three cultivars. Results of the in situ incubation experiment indicated that L had lower ruminal DM (69.2 vs 74.0%) and CP (84.1 vs 90.6%) degradabilities than C or D. However, ruminal degradability of NDF was similar among the three cultivars (average of 32.9%). It was concluded that chemical composition and ruminal nutrient degradability of pea silage are significantly influenced by cultivars.

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“…Increasing attention has been paid to the use of cell-wall-degrading enzymes, such as cellulases and hemicellulases, as silage additives (Schmidt et al 2001;Colombatto et al 2004a,b) to increase the concentration of fermentable sugars during the early stages of ensiling and to improve the digestibility of organic matter (Zhu et al 1999). Furthermore, supplementation of lignocellulolytic digestive enzymes into animal diet was greatly facilitated in recent years not only for ruminants (Bowman et al 2002) but also for non-ruminant farm animals (Carneiro et al 2008) andpoultry (Woyengo et al 2008).…”

Section: Abbreviationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of fungal cellulase gene in Lactococcus lactis to construct novel recombinant silage inoculants

et al. 2009

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The facultative anaerobic bacterium Lactococcus lactis has been used as a host for expression of a gene isolated from the anaerobic rumen fungus Neocallimastix sp. The coding region of the cellulase gene was obtained from the fungus with the aid of polymerase chain reaction amplification. The gene was then transformed into pCT vector system and the constructed recombinant plasmid was introduced into two L. lactis strains (IL403 and MG1363) by electroporation. The gene encoding the fungal originated cellulase was expressed in both strains successfully although the expression level was relatively lower in comparison with the original enzyme activity. Genetically modified L. lactis strains were used as silage inoculants for pre-biodegradation of the plant biomass during ensiling. That treatment resulted in a notable reduction of the acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents of the plant biomass used as silage material. Inoculation with recombinant strain IL1043 resulted in 4.8 and 9.7 % decrease in NDF and ADF contents, respectively while the inoculation of silage with strain MG1363 decreased the ADF content by >5 %.

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Ensiling characteristics and ruminal degradation of Italian ryegrass and lucerne silages treated with cell wall-degrading enzymes

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Characteristics and in situ degradability of whole crop faba bean, pea, and soybean silages

Characteristics and in situ degradability of whole crop faba bean, pea, and soybean silages

Effects of Cultivars on Ensiling Characteristics, Chemical Composition, and Ruminal Degradability of Pea Silage

Expression of fungal cellulase gene in Lactococcus lactis to construct novel recombinant silage inoculants

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