Ensilability of Biomass From Effloresced Flower Strips as Co-substrate in Bioenergy Production

Müller, Jürgen; Hahn, Juliane

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00014

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In addition, C. album has been shown to have the potential to contaminate maize biomass and thus maize silage with large numbers of its seeds . The other eight species studied are highly likely to enter silages as well, because they are included in a wildflower mixture that was developed for bioenergy use and is also suitable for ensiling (Cossel and von Lewandowski, 2016;Vollrath et al, 2016;Lask et al, 2020;Müller and Hahn, 2020). This means that seeds that survive ensiling can be spread with the silage and potentially become weeds.…”

Section: Species Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At harvest, DM content of the wildflower biomass varied from 40.1% in the first to 42.8% in the second standing year. Further information on the species composition and the biochemical parameters of the initial substrates before ensiling is available from Müller and Hahn (2020), as the same biomass stock was used in this study.…”

Section: Silage Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After ensiling and removal of the ensiled seeds (see section Ensiling of seeds), silages were sealed airtight in plastic bags and stored at −40 • C before analyzing their biochemical composition, including fermentation profiles. The silage characteristics were determined as described in Müller and Hahn (2020). The biochemical composition of the silage types was visualized with non-metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling (n-MDS) based on Bray-Curtis distances using R package "vegan" (Oksanen et al, 2002).…”

Section: Silage Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ensiling Reduces Seed Viability: Implications for Weed Management

2021

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Ensiling, a lactic acid fermentation process, is mainly used to preserve biomass. In addition, it has been shown to affect seed viability of some plant species. The extent to which this makes ensiling suitable as a weed control measure, however, has not yet been determined. Both the range of controllable species and the parameters of an ensiling process that safely kills seeds are still undefined. We aimed to determine the effect of varying substrate and ensiling conditions on the seed viability of 10 species selected to represent a wide range of different seed traits. Five different types of silages were made from maize or mixtures of wildflower and maize biomass and ensiled in lab-scale silos for 8 months. The pure maize silages were prepared under conditions either ideal or suboptimal for ensiling forage. Seeds of important weeds (Chenopodium album, Abutilon theophrasti) and of species from a wildflower mixture suitable for ensiling and biogas production (Cichorium intybus, Daucus carota, Echium vulgare, Malva alcea, Malva sylvestris, Melilotus albus, Melilotus officinalis) were tested. Seed viability was determined using a combination of tetrazolium and germination tests. Ensiling reduced seed viability across all 10 species significantly. Seed-killing efficacies of ensiling, however, differed widely among the species studied, largely related to whether the species could produce hard (physically dormant) seeds. Seeds from species without hardseededness were completely inactivated by ensiling, while the seed-killing efficacies for hardseeded species ranged from 5 to 60%. Variation in ensiled substrate and ensiling conditions had no consistent effect on seed survival. We concluded that ensiling has the potential to sustainably reduce seed viability of a wide range of species and therefore should be adopted as a component of integrated weed management in organic agriculture.

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Section: Species Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Silage Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Silage Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ensiling Reduces Seed Viability: Implications for Weed Management

2021

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“…The utilization of the annual cut vegetation is discussed as a compensation for reduction of field size and as an economic incentive, that is, biomass production of flower strips used for fodder or biogas (Degenbeck, 2020; von Redwitz et al, 2019). However, under current German legislation, the utilization of flower strip biomass is not allowed (Müller & Hahn, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to promote multifunctionality of vegetated strips in arable farming: A qualitative approach for Germany

et al. 2022

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Vegetated strips are in the focus of many stakeholders of agroecosystems and are part of several agri-environmental schemes in Germany. Stakeholders have different expectations and demands on the functionality and services of vegetated strips. In our review, we focused on biodiversity and the ecosystem services pollination, conservation biocontrol, landscape aesthetics, buffer function, and biomass production and their associated functions. We assessed factors that are crucial to support service provision and reviewed trade-offs between the ecosystem (dis)services. We identified five characteristics that are important for the provision of the assessed ecosystem services: age of vegetated strips, flower cover, size or width of the strip, management, and type of adjacent habitat. We conclude that adjusting the target of subsidies with respect to the analyzed factors for biodiversity can help to promote the multifunctionality of vegetated strips in arable farming.

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“…However, the exploitation of this bioenergy potential cannot always be realized right away using the fresh biomass. In order to process large quantities of short-term-available biomass, these landscape conservation growths are frequently ensiled before use [ 41 ]. Although there have been some ensiling experiments involving ragwort infested grassland biomass, those studies were mainly aimed at determining the rate of alkaloid degradation [ 32 , 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Biomasses from Landscape Conservation Growths Dominated by Common Ragwort (Jacobaea vulgaris Gaertn.) for Biomethanization

Müller

Wiedow

Chmit

et al. 2022

Plants

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The highly toxic species common ragwort (Jacobaea vulgaris Gaertn.) prefers to migrate into protected dry grassland biotopes and limits the use of the resulting biomass as animal feed. There is an urgent need for a safe alternative use of the contaminated biomass apart from landfill disposal. We investigated the optional utilization of biomethanization of fresh and ensiled common ragwort biomasses and evaluated their energetic potentials by estimation models based on biochemical characteristics and by standardized batch experiments. The fresh and ensiled substrates yielded 174 LN∙kg−1 oDM methane and 185 LN∙kg−1 oDM, respectively. Ensiling reduced the toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid content by 76.6%; a subsequent wet fermentation for an additional reduction is recommended. In comparison with other biomasses from landscape cultivation, ragwort biomass can be ensiled readily but has a limited energy potential if harvested at its peak flowering stage. Considering these properties and limitations, the energetic utilization is a promising option for a sustainable handling of Senecio-contaminated biomasses in landscape conservation practice and represents a safe alternative for reducing pyrrolizidine alkaloid entry into the agri-food sector.

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Ensilability of Biomass From Effloresced Flower Strips as Co-substrate in Bioenergy Production

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Ensiling Reduces Seed Viability: Implications for Weed Management

Ensiling Reduces Seed Viability: Implications for Weed Management

How to promote multifunctionality of vegetated strips in arable farming: A qualitative approach for Germany

Utilization of Biomasses from Landscape Conservation Growths Dominated by Common Ragwort (Jacobaea vulgaris Gaertn.) for Biomethanization

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