Enriquecimiento ambiental y su efecto en la exhibición de comportamientos estereotipados en jaguares (Panthera onca) del Parque Zoológico Yaguar Xoo, Oaxaca

Castillo‐Guevara, Citlalli; Unda-Harp, Karime; Lara, Carlos; Serio‐Silva, Juan Carlos

doi:10.21829/azm.2012.282839

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This fact highlights the need to maintain environmental enrichment implementation systematically, otherwise, the benefits may be lost and the welfare conditions may even be worsened, at least, for some individuals. These findings agree with Castillo-Guevara et al (2012), who found similar results for four captive jaguars.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Moreover, the results support the hypothesis that the environmental enrichments improved the conditions of the four jaguars, regardless the individual variation of response, as indicated by behavioral changes expressed by all tested jaguars, like a reduction in 'inactivity' and an increase in activity-related behaviors. Considering that there are, to our knowledge, only a few peer-reviewed publications in this area for jaguars in zoos (Charlton 1998, Skibiel et al 2007, Castillo-Guevara et al 2012, Vidal et al 2016, and that a systematic assessment of the environmental enrichment effects is the exception (Mellen & MacPhee 2001), the study reported here also adds to this literature. The jaguars expressed some responses that were common for the four tested individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…In this way, considering that poor animal-welfare conditions may also threaten reproduction in zoos, there is a need to seek approaches that improve the conditions of these animals, such as by providing and monitoring the effects of different environmental enrichments. Despite of this, as far as we know, just few peer-reviewed papers considered the effects of environmental enrichments on the behaviors of jaguars (Charlton 1998, Skibiel et al 2007, Castillo-Guevara et al 2012, Vidal et al 2016. In this context, the effects of several environmental enrichments on the behavior of four captive jaguars were individually evaluated here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Environmental Enrichments on the Behaviors of Four Captive Jaguars: Individuality Matters

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The effects of different environmental enrichments on the behaviors of four captive jaguars, Panthera onca (Carnivora, Felidae), were individually evaluated. The frequency of jaguar behaviors were recorded in three phases: before, during and after environmental enrichments application. These included hose ball, scent trail, meat tubes, cardboard boxes with meat or elephant feces, stuffed pumpkins, meat ice cream, meat with animal hair, bags with meat, and sounds. The enrichments reduced inactivity and the time duration when jaguars were out of sight, and increased general activity and maintenance behaviors of all tested jaguars. However, the behavioral responses expressed considering other behaviors and after the removal of environmental enrichments varied among individuals. When there were no more enrichments in their enclosures, two jaguars seemed to be in a worse condition than before the introduction of them, while the oldest jaguar maintained all the positive effects. The other jaguar expressed intermediate responses between these two patterns after the removal of the enrichments. Although the tested enrichments improved the welfare of the jaguars, we conclude that individual variability of response to the enrichments highlights the need to consider individual variation in future studies, since some individuals may take better advantages from the enrichments than others.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Environmental Enrichments on the Behaviors of Four Captive Jaguars: Individuality Matters

et al. 2018

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“…Sellinger and Ha (2005) found that jaguars increased pacing behavior in response to low-level noise, but not to visitor numbers. Three spices (cinnamon, chilli powder, and cumin) and four enrichment models (toy, food, sound, and scent) have been shown to reduce pacing in jaguars (Skibiel et al, 2007;Castillo-Guevara et al, 2012). Unfortunately, the separate effect of each spice or model was not tested by the researchers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of visitor number and spice provisioning in pacing expression by jaguars evaluated through a case study

et al. 2016

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Captive animals exhibit stereotypic pacing in response to multiple causes, including the inability to escape from human contact. Environmental enrichment techniques can minimize pacing expression. By using an individual-based approach, we addressed whether the amount of time two males and a female jaguar (Panthera onca) devote to pacing varied with the number of visitors and tested the effectiveness of cinnamon and black pepper in reducing pacing. The amount of time that all jaguars engaged in pacing increased significantly with the number of visitors. Despite the difference between the males regarding age and housing conditions, both devoted significantly less time to pacing following the addition of both spices, which indicates their suitability as enrichment techniques. Mean time devoted to pacing among the treatments did not differ for the female. Our findings pointed out to the validity of individual-based approaches, as they can reveal how suitable olfactory stimuli are to minimizing stereotypies irrespective of particular traits.Keywords: behavior, jaguar, pacing, Panthera onca, public exposure, spice provisioning.O efeito do número de visitantes e do provisionamento de especiaria na expressão do pacing por onças-pintadas avaliado por estudo de caso ResumoAnimais cativos exibem a estereotipia pacing em resposta a múltiplos fatores, os quais incluem a incapacidade de escapar da exposição ao público. As técnicas de enriquecimento ambiental podem minimizar a expressão do pacing. Usando uma abordagem individual, nós investigamos se a extensão de tempo que dois machos e uma fêmea de onça-pintada (Panthera onca) dispendem com pacing variou em função do número de visitantes e testamos a eficácia da canela e da pimenta-do-reino na redução do pacing. A extensão de tempo em pacing aumentou significativamente com o número de visitantes para todos os indivíduos. Apesar da diferença entre os machos com relação à idade e às condições no cativeiro, ambos devotaram ao pacing menos tempo após a administração das duas especiarias, o que indica a adequabilidade dessas como técnicas de enriquecimento. Para a fêmea, o tempo médio dispendido com pacing não variou entre os tratamentos. Nossos resultados respaldam a validade da realização de abordagens individuais, uma vez que essas podem revelar o grau de eficácia dos estímulos olfativos na minimização de estereotipias independentemente de características particulares.Palavras-chave: comportamento, onça-pintada, pacing, Panthera onca, exposição pública, especiaria no enriquecimento.

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“…Research on animal welfare and environmental enrichment has been biased toward charismatic species, especially primates [Azevedo et al, ; Goulart et al, ; Melfi, ]. Many other species would, however, greatly benefit from environmental enrichment, as the welfare of animals maintained in controlled conditions is key to reduce stress and its biological costs [Moberg, ], including abnormal behaviors such as stereotypies [Castillo‐Guevara et al, ] and reduced reproductive success [Carlstead and Shepherdson, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral responses of three armadillo species (Mammalia: Xenarthra) to an environmental enrichment program in Villavicencio, Colombia

Duarte

Trujillo²,

Superina

2016

Zoo Biology

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Enrichment is a powerful tool to improve the welfare of animals under human care. Stress-related health and behavioral problems, as well as reproductive failure, are frequent in armadillos (Xenarthra, Cingulata, Dasypodidae) under human care, which hinders the development of successful ex situ conservation programs. Nevertheless, scientific studies on the effect of enrichment programs on armadillos are virtually non-existent. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of an enrichment program on the behavior of armadillos under human care. The behavior of 12 individuals of three species (Dasypus novemcinctus, D. sabanicola, and Cabassous unicinctus) maintained at Finca El Turpial, Villavicencio, Colombia, was recorded using scan sampling during three daily time blocks of 2 hr each before (4 weeks) and after (4 weeks) implementing an enrichment program. Enrichment did not stimulate the armadillos to change or extend their activity period. In general, activity levels were low during the entire study, and virtually no activity was recorded in the morning in any species, neither without nor with enrichment. The latter did, however, improve welfare by reducing abnormal and increasing natural foraging behaviors. All species were attracted by artificial termite mounds. Dasypus spp. showed special interest in cardboard boxes with food, while Cabassous was mainly attracted to hollow plastic balls filled with food. Our results suggest that separate enrichment programs need to be developed for different armadillo species, and that they should be applied during the time of day at which they are most active. Zoo Biol. 35:304-312, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Enriquecimiento ambiental y su efecto en la exhibición de comportamientos estereotipados en jaguares (Panthera onca) del Parque Zoológico Yaguar Xoo, Oaxaca

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Effects of Environmental Enrichments on the Behaviors of Four Captive Jaguars: Individuality Matters

Effects of Environmental Enrichments on the Behaviors of Four Captive Jaguars: Individuality Matters

The effect of visitor number and spice provisioning in pacing expression by jaguars evaluated through a case study

Behavioral responses of three armadillo species (Mammalia: Xenarthra) to an environmental enrichment program in Villavicencio, Colombia

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