Enrichment of Y‐Chromosome‐Bearing Bull Spermatozoa by Swim‐up Through a Column

Abstract

With the advancement of assisted reproductive biotechnologies, preselecting the sex of offspring has become an important goal for cattle and other livestock breeding as well as for research. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of producing enriched pools of X- or Y-chromosome-bearing sperm by vertical swim-up through a long, narrow column. Sperm recovered from the top portion of the column was predominantly Y-bearing (60%, p < 0.05), which were capable of fertilizing matured oocytes and produce significantly more male embryos compared with standard swim-up protocol.

​Spermatozoa Sorting Techniques for the Sex Pre-selection: A Review

“…The modified swim-up method was efficient in sorting Nili-Ravi buffalo spermatozoa (Asma-ul-Husna et al 2017). The same was observed in the case of bovine semen obtained from the upper portion preferentially produced male embryos (62%) and the results were confirmed through FISH and in vitro fertilization (Azizeddin et al, 2014). This technique, as validated through real-time PCR also has shown a 4-5 fold increase in X-spermatozoa in Xchromosome bearing fractions and 4 fold increase in Yspermatozoa in Y-chromosome bearing fractions (Asma-ul-Husna et al, 2017).…”

“…After incubation for about 10-45 minutes, the supernatant rich with Y-spermatozoa are collected. Since the Y-spermatozoa swims faster, the supernatant will be rich with Y-spermatozoa while the bottom portion will be rich with X-spermatozoa (Azizeddin et al 2014). The modified swim-up method was efficient in sorting Nili-Ravi buffalo spermatozoa (Asma-ul-Husna et al 2017).…”

“…The modified swim-up technique consists of allowing spermatozoa to swim-up through a vertical glass pipette of certain height filled with sperm-TALP (Azizeddin et al 2014;Asma-ul-Husna et al, 2017). After incubation for about 10-45 minutes, the supernatant rich with Y-spermatozoa are collected.…”

“…(Asma-ul-Husna et al, 2017;Azizeddin et al, high spermatozoa recovery rate. be further validated through field trials.…”

Pre‐treatment of ram semen extender with magnetic nanoparticles on freeze‐thawed spermatozoa

“…One great example would be the production of males for meat production (Hossein‐Zadeh et al., 2010 ). Flow cytometry (Seidel, 2003 ), percoll and albumin gradient centrifugation (Machado et al., 2009 ; Wolf et al., 2018 ) swim up (Azizeddin et al., 2014 ), Sephadex columns (Vidal et al., 1993 ) and immunological methods (Bennett & Boyse, 1973 ; Ellis et al., 2011 ) have all been used to sex sperm in mammals. But not all of them were very successful.…”