Enrichment of Cellulosic Waste Hemp (Cannabis sativa) Hurd into Non-Toxic Microfibres

Abstract

In this study a largely available lignocellulose feedstock hemp (Cannabis sativa), obtained as an industrial waste, was used for cellulose extraction. The extraction of cellulose microfibres from hemp biomass was conducted by alkaline treatment and an acidification process. The extracted cellulose microfibres were characterised using Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The viability of the study was determined by growing human fibroblasts on the preparation which resulted in being non-toxic; indicating its potential in preparing biological scaffolds. Upon enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose microfibre using cellulase from Trichoderma reesei, a maximum of 909 mg/g of reducing sugars were obtained, which endorses its suitability for biofuel production.

Photocuring of Epoxidized Cardanol for Biobased Composites with Microfibrillated Cellulose

“…The spectrum of the MFC mat was characterized by a broad O–H stretching signal in the 3500–3000 cm −1 region, relatively weak C-H stretching peaks at 3000–2800 cm −1 , and in the fingerprint region intense bands attributed to the C–O stretching of the pyranose ring skeletal vibration in the 1150–1030 cm −1 range, and to the β-glycosidic bond vibration at 896 cm −1 ; a weak and broad peak centered at 1639 cm −1 reflected the presence of water adsorbed into the cellulose fibrils [25,26,27,28,29,30].…”

Easy Fabrication of Highly Thermal-Stable Cellulose Nanocrystals Using Cr(NO3)3 Catalytic Hydrolysis System: A Feasibility Study from Macro- to Nano-Dimensions

“…In response, many countries have initiated extensive research and development programs in nanocellulose production, a green, bio-based and renewable biomaterial that has the broad possibility of use in various fields of innovative material. In fact, scholar-researchers have moved towards the utilization of this fully bio-based nanomaterial as a prominent candidate to replace synthetic reinforcing fillers in biodegradable composites and polymer matrixes as well as for the production of nanotubes and thin films [ 2 ].…”

Cellulose Nanocrystals as a Sustainable Raw Material: Cytotoxicity and Applications on Healthcare Technology

“…Concerning the renewable sources of raw materials, there are several possible lignocellulosic materials for the isolation of whiskers: vegetable sources, such as cotton, coconut fiber, corn cobs, pineapple leaves, manioc residues, palm fiber, residual biomass from palm oil extraction, banana fibers, hemp, wood pulp, old newspaper and recycled newsprint, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), bacterial cellulose, the product of which is named bacterial nanocellulose, microbial cellulose or biocellulose, and animal sources, such as tunicates and marine biomass …”

“…Nanocellulose derivatives, a green, low‐cost, nature‐based, and renewable material extract from abundant lignocellulosic biomass, present the broad possibility of use in various fields of innovative value‐added products, showing extraordinary physicochemical properties and high performance. Besides, the potential of CNCs in replacing conventional synthetic petroleum‐based polymers in biodegradable composites and polymer matrixes, as well as for the production of nanotubes and thin films, make them competitive with fossil derivatives showing a similar high performance …”