Enrichment and biotransformation of phenolic compounds from litchi pericarps with angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition activity

Kessy, Honest N.E.; Wang, Kai; Zhao, Lei; Zhou, Molin; Hu, Zhuoyan

doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2017.09.003

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…More recently, PACs have also been proposed as viable alternatives for the replacement of synthetic food grade antioxidant [ 12 , 13 ] and antimicrobial [ 14 ] agents. In addition, PACs have also been reported for their beneficial properties for human health, more specifically, in the inhibition of enzymes related to high blood pressure [ 15 ] and carbohydrate metabolism [ 16 , 17 , 18 ], as well as anti-cancer [ 19 , 20 ] and anti-inflammatory activities [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning of Proanthocyanidin Extract’s Composition through Quaternary Eutectic Solvents Extraction

et al. 2020

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Currently available proanthocyanidins extraction methods rely on dedicated crops and have low specificity and yield which limits their industrial application. Consequently, the development of novel methodologies and the use of sustainable sources is of great importance. Eutectic solvents have been proposed has good alternatives for conventional solvents due to their low price, easiness of preparation, biocompatibility and ability of being custom made to a specific application. Herein the effective extraction of proanthocyanidins from grape pomace and the possibility of tuning the extract’s characteristics such as mean degree of polymerization and galloylation percentage is explored by means of varying the composition of a quaternary eutectic solvent composed by choline chloride, glycerol, ethanol and water. It was found that mean degree of polymerization values can vary from 6.0 to 7.37 and galloylation percentage can vary from 32.5% to 47.1% while maintaining extraction yield above 72.2 mg of proanthocyanidins per g of biomass. Furthermore, the increase of temperature up to 100 °C has showed a significant effect on the extraction yield being possible to increase it by 238% when compared to the conventional extraction method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning of Proanthocyanidin Extract’s Composition through Quaternary Eutectic Solvents Extraction

et al. 2020

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“…Furthermore, the peel extract of the fruit has been shown to have antihypertensive potentials. Enzyme‐assisted extraction of litchi fruit peel resulted in polyphenol‐rich extracts with potent in vitro inhibitory activity on angiotensin I‐converting enzyme, suggesting that peel may be able to reduce elevated blood pressure by suppressing vasoconstriction (Kessy et al., 2018). In vivo, 10‐week treatment (60 mg/kg bw, p.o.)…”

Section: Pharmacological Phytochemical and Toxicological Aspects Of Litchi Fruit Seed And Peelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the medicinal potential, toxicology, and phytochemistry of litchi fruit peel and seed

et al. 2021

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The perception that many fruit wastes, particularly the peel, contain more phytochemicals than the edible portions has been largely supported by scientific evidence, making them potential sources of bioactive and therapeutic phytochemicals. The peel and seed of Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) contain bioactive principles and have been shown to exhibit antioxidative, antidiabetic, cancer preventive, anti‐obesogenic, and anti‐inflammatory properties. This review presents a critical analysis of previous and current perspectives on the medicinal, toxicological, and phytochemical profiles of litchi fruit peel and seed, thus providing an evidence‐based platform to explore their medicinal potential. A literature search was done on “PubMed,” “Google Scholar,” and “ScienceDirect.” Peer‐reviewed published data on the medicinal profiles of litchi fruit peel and seed were identified and critically analyzed. The fruit peel and seed improved glycemic control and insulin signaling and downregulated lipogenic and cholesterogenic processes. Their neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and renal protective potentials were influenced by antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory actions. The anticancer effect was mediated by upregulated proapoptotic, proinflammatory, antiproliferative, and anti‐metastatic processes in cancer cells. Simple flavonols, sesquiterpenes, phenolic acids, jasmonates, and proathocyanidins are the possible bioactive principles influencing the medicinal effects. Appropriate toxicity studies are, however, still lacking. Litchi fruit wastes may be further studied as useful sources of therapeutic agents that may have medicinal relevance in oxidative, metabolic, vascular, and carcinogenic ailments. Practical applications Underutilized fruit wastes contribute to environmental pollution. Interestingly, these wastes contain phytochemicals that could be of medicinal relevance if their medicinal potentials are maximized. Litchi fruit is a widely consumed fruit with commercial value. Its peel and seeds contribute to fruit wastes. The review exposes the medicinal potential and bioactive principles and/or nutrients of the fruit's peel and seed while elucidating the underlying therapeutic mechanisms or modes of actions through which litchi peel and seed potentiate medicinal effects. Thus, the review provides an evidence‐based platform to explore the medicinal potential of underutilized wastes from litchi fruit. Additionally, the fruit peel and seed could be low‐cost residues that could afford ecofriendly opportunity if their medicinal potentials are properly maximized.

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“…Furthermore, Zhang RF et al (2017) have optimized the ultra-high pressure assisted extraction procedures of procyanidins from litchi pericarps, which greatly increased the extraction yield and bioactive activity of the extract. In addition, Kessy et al (2018) reported that the enzyme-assisted extraction using hydrolytic enzymes, such as hydropectinase, β-glucosidase, and tannase, can greatly increase enrichment and biotransformation of phenolic substituents from litchi pericarps. Lin et al (2013) found the increased bioactivity, such as improved growth of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus, and increased antioxidant activity of litchi pericarp polysaccharides biotransformed by Aspergillus awamori because of a significant change in the relative content of glucose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, xylose, and mannose, which suggested that A. awamori was very effective in degrading the polysaccharides into a bioactive mixture with lower molecular weight.…”

Section: Impacts Of Extraction and Processing On Phytochemical Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pericarp and seed of litchi and longan fruits: constituent, extraction, bioactive activity, and potential utilization

Zhu

Wang

Jian

et al. 2019

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) and longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) fruits have a succulent and white aril with a brown seed and are becoming popular worldwide. The two fruits have been used in traditional Chinese medicine as popular herbs in the treatment of neural pain, swelling, and cardiovascular disease. The pericarp and seed portions as the by-products of litchi and longan fruits are estimated to be approximately 30% of the dry weight of the whole fruit and are rich in bioactive constituents. In the recent years, many biological activities, such as tyrosinase inhibitory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-glycated, and anti-cancer activities, as well as memory-increasing effects, have been reported for the litchi and longan pericarp and seed extracts, indicating a potentially significant contribution to human health. With the increasing production of litchi and longan fruits, enhanced utilization of the two fruit by-products for their inherent bioactive constituents in relation to pharmacological effects is urgently needed. This paper reviews the current advances in the extraction, processing, identification, and biological and pharmacological activities of constituents from litchi and longan by-products. Potential utilization of litchi and longan pericarps and seeds in relation to further research is also discussed.

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Enrichment and biotransformation of phenolic compounds from litchi pericarps with angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition activity

Cited by 26 publications

References 38 publications

Tuning of Proanthocyanidin Extract’s Composition through Quaternary Eutectic Solvents Extraction

Tuning of Proanthocyanidin Extract’s Composition through Quaternary Eutectic Solvents Extraction

A review on the medicinal potential, toxicology, and phytochemistry of litchi fruit peel and seed

Pericarp and seed of litchi and longan fruits: constituent, extraction, bioactive activity, and potential utilization

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