Enquête épidémiologique sur la lèpre en France métropolitaine en 2009 et 2010

Bret, S.; Flageul, B.; Girault, P Y; Lightburne, Edward; Morand, Jean‐Jacques

doi:10.1016/j.annder.2013.02.019

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…These data provide insights into the dramatic decline of leprosy in Spain since 1950. Similar to the pattern seen elsewhere in Europe and in many other high income countries, there was a shift from a predominance of disease attributable to locally acquired infection to overwhelming predominance of disease attributable to infections acquired elsewhere[ 23 , 24 ]. The comparison of patterns of disease between these two groups, identified on the basis of country of birth, is revealing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Autochthonous leprosy in Spain: Has the transmission of Mycobacterium leprae stopped?

2020

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Background The aim of this study is to explore whether transmission of M. leprae has ceased in Spain, based upon the patterns and trends of notified cases. Methodology Data on new cases reported to the National Leprosy Registry between the years 2003-2018 were extracted. In absence of detailed travel history, cases were considered "autochthonous" or "imported" based on whether they were born within or outside of Spain. These data were analyzed by age, sex, clinical type, country of origin, and location of residence at time of notification. Principal findings Data were available on 61 autochthonous and 199 imported cases since 2003. There were clear declines in incidence in both groups, and more imported than autochthonous cases every year since 2006. Autochthonous cases were more frequently multibacillary and had older age at diagnosis compared to imported cases. All the autochthonous cases had been born before 1985 and were more than 25 years old at diagnosis. Male-to-female ratio increased with time for autochthonous cases (except for the last time period). The imported cases originated from 25 countries, half of them from Brasil and Paraguay. Autochthonous cases were mainly distributed in the traditionally endemic regions, especially Andalucía and the eastern Mediterranean coast. Conclusions Autochthonous and imported cases have different epidemiologic patterns in Spain. There was a clear decline in incidence rates of autochthonous disease, and patterns consistent PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Autochthonous leprosy in Spain: Has the transmission of Mycobacterium leprae stopped?

2020

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“…However, they also observed a concurrent increase in cases imported from other countries (n = 159) [ 10 ]. Likewise, a recent epidemiologic study of leprosy in Metropolitan France, which took place in 2009 and 2010, found that out of 39 new cases, only 7 (18%) occurred in patients of French origin (2 from Metropolitan France and 5 from Overseas France) [ 9 ]. Another study also identified several cases of leprosy in France in foreign patients [ 25 ], and one described the case of a Portuguese woman living in France [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although France does not have an official leprosy register, a recent epidemiologic study of leprosy in Metropolitan France in 2009 and 2010 showed 39 new cases [ 9 ]. On the other hand, in Italy there is an official leprosy register, the National Reference Centre for Hansen Disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Leprosy in Spain: The Role of the International Migration

2016

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BackgroundAlthough incidence of leprosy in Spain has declined steadily over the years, the fivefold increase in immigration since the turn of the century—much of it from countries where leprosy is still prevalent—has been linked to an uptick in registered cases.ObjectiveTo describe the epidemiologic trends of incident leprosy cases detected in Spain among Spanish- and foreign-born population groups.MethodsObservational, retrospective study of suspected leprosy cases in Spain, as reported through the System of Compulsory Notification of Diseases from 2003 to 2013, with results disaggregated by country of birth. We collected statistical data on leprosy burden for other countries from WHO to estimate the expected number of imported cases.ResultsOf the 168 leprosy cases registered during the study period, 40 (24.6%) were in Spanish patients, while 128 (76.2%) were detected in legally resident immigrants. We identified a significantly higher number of imported leprosy cases during the 2008–2010 and 2011–2013 trienniums compared to the reference biennium 2003–2004 (OR 5.38, 95% CI 1.83–14.88 and OR 4.80, 95% CI 1.41–16.33, respectively). Most imported cases were diagnosed in Latin American immigrants (71.9%), especially Brazilians, but also Paraguayans, Bolivians and other nationalities from South and Central America. However, registered incidence was lower than expected for each year. For example, in 2003, the expected new cases in immigrants was 47.12, compared to only four cases that were actually detected (a 91% difference). Likewise, we expected to find 49.6 incident cases among immigrants in 2009, but only 15 new cases were reported (60% fewer than expected).ConclusionImported cases of leprosy are responsible for most leprosy incidence in Spain, and we cannot rule out some under-diagnosis. Clinicians should be made more aware of the potential for leprosy incidence among patients from countries where the disease is endemic.

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“…An epidemiological survey on leprosy in metropolitan France found a CDR of 0.003 per 10 000 inhabitants. 17 In French Guyana, near the border with Brazil, a study found a CDR of 0.53 cases/10 000 inhabitants/year; this area had the highest number of leprosy cases in the world and ranked second worldwide after India, which in 2009 detected the highest number of new cases. 1,18 The low detection of leprosy cases among women in our study lead to a 3:1 male:female ratio, which could be explained by better adherence to drug regimens among women when compared to men, as has been found elsewhere.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Trends in leprosy case detection in Rwanda, 1995–2011: analysis of 17 years of laboratory data

et al. 2017

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BackgroundLeprosy, or Hansen’s disease, is a chronic, infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It remains one of the leading causes of deformity and physical disability.ObjectiveWe analysed laboratory records to assess trends in prevalence rates and case detection rates (CDRs) in Rwanda.MethodsA retrospective review of detected leprosy cases from the records of the Rwanda National Reference Laboratory over a 17-year period (1995–2011) was conducted. Skin biopsy samples were analysed microscopically using Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique to identify M. leprae.ResultsCumulatively, 266 suspected cases were reported between 1995 and 2011. Of the suspected cases, 77 (28.9%) were laboratory confirmed as having leprosy. Among detected cases, 59 (76.6%) were men and 18 (23.4%) women. The male:female ratio was 3:1. There were 77 registered leprosy cases over the 17-year period of the study, and the prevalence rate was 0.005 per 10 000 population. A gradual decrease in the prevalence rate was observed from 0.015 per 10 000 population in 2003 to 0.003 per 10 000 population in 2010. From 1995 to 2011, the CDR did not exceed one per 10 000 population.ConclusionThis laboratory review demonstrates a declining trend in prevalence rates and CDR during the period of the study. Early case detection and a sustainable leprosy control programme remain the cornerstones of reducing the physical and socio-economic burden of leprosy in Rwanda.

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Enquête épidémiologique sur la lèpre en France métropolitaine en 2009 et 2010

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Autochthonous leprosy in Spain: Has the transmission of Mycobacterium leprae stopped?

Autochthonous leprosy in Spain: Has the transmission of Mycobacterium leprae stopped?

Epidemiology of Leprosy in Spain: The Role of the International Migration

Trends in leprosy case detection in Rwanda, 1995–2011: analysis of 17 years of laboratory data

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