Enqu�te ethnobotanique: screening chimique et efficacit� th�rapeutique de quelques plantes utilis�es contre le paludisme en m�decine traditionnelle � Brazzaville

Abstract

Enquête ethnobotanique : screening chimique et efficacité thérapeutique de quelques plantes utilisées contre le paludisme en médecine traditionnelle à Brazzaville Résumé : Les effets antipaludiques des extraits de trois plantes de la pharmacopée traditionnelle congolaise, Cassia siamea, Cassia spectabilis, Tetracera alnifolia (sélectionnées à partir d'une enquête ethnobotanique), ont été étudiés chez des malades (20 pour chaque extrait) présentant une goutte épaisse positive et une hyperthermie. Les grandes familles chimiques de l'extrait le plus efficace ont été recherchées en utilisant les méthodes phytochimiques classiques. L'extrait aqueux de Cassia siamea a présenté l'effet antipaludique le plus important (sur la parasitémie et l'hyperthermie) ; cette intéressante activité du Cassia siamea pourrait s'expliquer par la présence des alcaloïdes et des quinones. Mots clés : Cassia siamea -Cassia spectabilis -Tetracera alnifolia -Congo -Antipaludique -Phytochimie Ethnobotanical survey, chemical screening and effective treatment of certain plants used in traditional medicine to treat malaria in BrazzavilleAbstract: Antimalarial effects of aqueous extracts of three plants of Congolese traditional pharmacopoeia, Cassia siamea, Cassia spectabilis, tetracera latifolia (selected from an ethnobotanical survey) were studied in patients presenting Plasmodium falciparum in blood and hyperthermia. Chemical constituents of the more effective extract were researched using the classical phytochemical methods. The aqueous extract of Cassia siamea manifested the most important antimalarial effect by significantly reducing parasitemia and hyperthermia; this interesting activity of Cassia siamea could be related to the presence of alkaloids and quinones.

Evaluating phytochemical constituents and in-vitro antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities of Fadogiella stigmatoloba, Hygrophylla auriculata, Hylodesmum repandum, and Porphyrostemma chevalieri extracts

“…According to a WHO estimation, 247 million cases of malaria were registered in the world in 2021 causing 619,000 deaths, with most of the victims being children under 5 years old from sub-Saharan Africa [ 3 ]. In developing countries, which account for more than 90% of malaria cases, 80% of the population does not have access to primary health care provided by modern medicine [ 4 ]. A similar condition is experienced by almost 78% of the population of Bukavu in the South-Kivu province of DR Congo, where the cost of acute malaria management is US $10.7 ± 5 for hospitalization and US$1.7 ± 1.3 for consultation while daily per capita income is less than US $ 1 [ 2 ].…”

Alkaloids derived from flowers of Senna spectabilis, (−)-cassine and (−)-spectaline, have antiproliferative activity on HepG2 cells for inducing cell cycle arrest in G1/S transition through ERK inactivation and downregulation of cyclin D1 expression

“…Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of death from cancer worldwide (Bum et al, 2010) and, unfortunately, many cases are still diagnosed at advanced stages when treatment options are only palliative (Lorenzi, 1998). Excessive alcohol consumption and Hepatitis B and C virus are important risk factors for HCC (Nsonde-Ntandou et al, 2005;Pivatto et al, 2005). Actually, therapeutic approaches for HCC at advanced stage include the use of multikinase inhibitors (Bruix et al, 2012); however, clinical trials have evidenced just a modest survival benefit.…”

(-)-7-hydroxycassine: a new 2,6-dialkylpiperidin-3-ol alkaloid and other constituents isolated from flowers and fruits of Senna spectabilis (Fabaceae)

“…2, 2013 dysentery and cephalalgia. 9,11 Pharmacological studies have shown some of the following activity: sedative and anticonvulsant, antimalarial 9,11 and antimicrobial 12 cytotoxicity 13 from studies of various organs of S. spectabilis. Góngora et al 14 demonstrated that the alkaloidic extract obtained from the bark of this plant acts on central nervous system.…”