“…However, some authors believe that specific features make the problem less acute in Europe, particularly in Spain. In fact, some of the drivers of urban sprawl (Brueckner, 2000), such as low gasoline prices, free-market urbanism, soaring city crime rates, and highly decentralized local finance, 2 See, for example, Katz (1999), for a description of recent regionalist tendencies in the U.S. and Thornley, Salet, and Kreukels (2003) for a survey of metropolitan governance experiences in Europe. 3 Indeed, if the higher costs in big cities (e.g., wages or rents) are derived from a higher attractiveness of urban areas (i.e., higher productivity or amenities), targeting more resources to urban areas would cause an excessive concentration of population and economic activity in these areas.…”