Enhancing X‐Ray Sensitization with Multifunctional Nanoparticles

Abstract

In the progression of X‐ray‐based radiotherapy for the treatment of cancer, the incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs) has a transformative impact. This study investigates the potential of NPs, particularly those comprised of high atomic number elements, as radiosensitizers. This aims to optimize localized radiation doses within tumors, thereby maximizing therapeutic efficacy while preserving surrounding tissues. The multifaceted applications of NPs in radiotherapy encompass collaborative interactions with chemotherapeutic, immunotherapeutic, and targeted pharmaceuticals, along with contributions to photodynamic/photothermal therapy, imaging enhancement, and the integration of artificial intelligence technology. Despite promising preclinical outcomes, the paper acknowledges challenges in the clinical translation of these findings. The conclusion maintains an optimistic stance, emphasizing ongoing trials and technological advancements that bolster personalized treatment approaches. The paper advocates for continuous research and clinical validation, envisioning the integration of NPs as a revolutionary paradigm in cancer therapy, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes.

HPV status and immunohistochemical analysis of p16, p53 and PD‑L1 expression as prognostic biomarkers in patients with squamous cell anal cancer receiving definitive radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy

“…These approaches all have the potential to be further optimized with nanoparticle-based treatments, highlighting the advancement of radiosensitizer nanoparticles. However, despite progress, challenges remain in the translation of nanoparticle-enhanced RT from the laboratory to clinical practice, including concerns about biosafety, nanoparticle clearance and the optimization of nanoparticle properties for effective interaction with radiation and biological systems ( 64 ).…”