Enhancing wave function collapse with design-level constraints

Sandhu, Arunpreet; Chen, Zeyuan; McCoy, Joshua

doi:10.1145/3337722.3337752

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It has already been used to generate playable levels by only propagating simple local constraints, and may thus allow us to focus on evaluating player experience for levels without basic asset placement errors. This algorithm has already been extended to add more complex level design constraints [13], and we follow a similar approach by modifying the selection probabilities of the modules. This way, we can use an iterative search algorithm on top of WFC, as described hereafter.…”

Section: Related Work a Wave Function Collapsementioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic-WFC: Extending Wave Function Collapse With Genetic Search

Bailly

Levieux

2023

IEEE Trans. Games

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This paper presents Genetic-WFC, a procedural level generation algorithm that mixes genetic optimization with Wave Function Collapse, a local adjacency constraints propagation algorithm. We use a synthetic player to evaluate the novelty, safety and complexity of the generated levels. Novelty is maximized when the synthetic player goes on tiles not visited for a long time, safety is related to how far it can see, and complexity evaluates the variability of the surrounding tiles. WFC extracts constraints from example levels, and allows us to perform the genetic search on levels with few local asset placement errors, while using as little level design rules as possible. We show that we are able to rely on WFC while optimizing the results, first by influencing WFC asset selection and then by re-encoding the chosen modules back to our genotype, in order to optimize crossover. We compare the fitness curves and best maps of our method with other approaches. We then visually explore the kind of levels we are able to generate by sampling different values of safety and complexity, giving a glimpse of the variability that our approach is able to reach.

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Section: Related Work a Wave Function Collapsementioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic-WFC: Extending Wave Function Collapse With Genetic Search

Bailly

Levieux

2023

IEEE Trans. Games

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“…WaveFunctionCollapse (WFC) [10] is another tile solving method, which omits a tile retrieval step. It has been popular in the PCG community and has also inspired valuable research work [11], [12]. In particular, WFC can be solved using Answer set Programming (ASP) [13], a declarative language for computationally complex problems.…”

Section: A Tile Solvingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Declarative procedural generation of architecture with semantic architectural profiles

Aanholt

Bidarra

2020

2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)

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Procedural content generation (PCG) for architecture is widely used in a variety of digital media, most notably in games. However, such methods are often limited in their expressive range, and require considerable technical knowledge to create non-trivial architectural structures. We present a novel tile-based PCG approach for generating architecture, that proposes the use of architectural profiles, a declarative characterization of architectural typology, within a generic tile solving framework. An architectural profile consists of a set of tiles, representing atomic architectural building blocks, and a set of declarative constraints and rules, specifying which conditions a tile configuration has to satisfy to be valid. These conditions are translated into logic constraints, and used by a tile solver to control tile placement in a bottom-up manner. Eventually, each valid model output by the solver is a representative instance of its architectural profile. We describe an implementation of this approach with Answer Set Programming, using an off-theshelf constraint solver for model generation. We performed an expressive range analysis, and concluded that our declarative method is quite controllable and can be steered over a broad range of architectural structures, regarding density and repetitiveness. Due to this expressive range and control, our tile-based method is very suitable for the customized development of urban environments for games.

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“…We consider that generation on a garage can use the method of path planning on agent moving. Besides, Arunpreet Sandhu [18] comes up with the WFC algorithm to generate similar images. Akatsu [19] provides an arXiv:2307.03988v1 [cs.AI] 8 Jul 2023 idea for evaluating underground garage structures by feeding a series of indicators obtained from a realistic traffic survey into a modeled underground garage structure to obtain a series of evaluation results.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost Underground Garage Navigation Switching Algorithm Based on Kalman Filtering

Gao

Wang

Liu

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Modern parking lots have gradually developed into underground garages to improve the efficient use of space. However, the complex design of parking lots also increases the demands on vehicle navigation. The traditional method of navigation switching only uses satellite signals. After the Position Dilution Of Precision (PDOP) of satellite signals is over the limit, vehicle navigation will enter indoor mode. It is not suitable for vehicles in underground garages to switch modes with a fast-response system. Therefore, this paper chooses satellite navigation, inertial navigation, and the car system to combine navigation. With the condition that the vehicle can freely travel through indoor and outdoor environments, high-precision outdoor environment navigation is used to provide the initial state of underground navigation. The position of the vehicle underground is calculated by the Dead Reckoning (DR) navigation system. This paper takes advantage of the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm to provide two freely switchable navigation modes for vehicles in ground and underground garages. The continuity, robustness, fast response, and low cost of the indoor and outdoor switching navigation methods are verified in real-time systems.

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Enhancing wave function collapse with design-level constraints

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Genetic-WFC: Extending Wave Function Collapse With Genetic Search

Genetic-WFC: Extending Wave Function Collapse With Genetic Search

Declarative procedural generation of architecture with semantic architectural profiles

A Low-Cost Underground Garage Navigation Switching Algorithm Based on Kalman Filtering

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