Enhancing water resistance of earthen buildings with quicklime and oil

Eires, R.; Camões, Aires; Jalali, Saíd

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.10.141

Cited by 53 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Their results for the accelerated erosion test according to HB 195 (Walker and SA 2002) show that for the soil tested the use of quicklime significantly decreases the surface erosion rate (to 0.25% of the unstabilized soil), and although vapor permeability was decreased with every natural additive tested, it still remained higher than for any lime plaster mentioned in the state of knowledge. (Eires et al 2017) The weakness of the original soil is demonstrated by the fact that the rate of erosion even with the chosen natural admixtures (5-11 mm/1 h, Eires et al 2017) is almost as high as those reported by Stazi et al for the erosion rate of unplastered rammed earth and cob substrates without any stabilizers (12 mm/h, see above). Raj et al (2018) studied the performance of coal ash stabilized rammed earth from various aspects.…”

Section: Spray Testing By a Guettala Et Al Biskra Algeriamentioning

confidence: 83%

Durability of Stabilized Earthen Constructions: A Review

Medvey

Dobszay

2020

Geotech Geol Eng

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It has become general practice to stabilize earthen materials with chemical binders, since one of their main weaknesses is their lack of durability. The most commonly used stabilizer is cement, which reinforces earth by enhancing its strength and water resistance with chemical bonds, while at the same time significantly increases its embodied energy and reduces its sorption capacity. These side-effects greatly reduce the sustainability appeal of earthen materials, leading to a contradiction in this application of cement. Since the researcher community has been aware of this more and more results are published of experiments with alternative stabilizers. This review provides an overview of research about the durability of stabilized earthen walls, the methods used to assess it and parameters that have been shown to affect it. The review features a brief history of this field, but focuses more on recently published data about the water erosion performance of stabilized earthen construction materials. Conclusions about the existing test methods are drawn, with directions for further development suggested.

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Section: Spray Testing By a Guettala Et Al Biskra Algeriamentioning

confidence: 83%

Durability of Stabilized Earthen Constructions: A Review

Medvey

Dobszay

2020

Geotech Geol Eng

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“…Among the mixtures investigated, earth stabilised with lime showed the best results, while oil seemed to reduce the vapour permeability. Nevertheless, the buffering potential of the different mixtures was not investigated [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of rammed earth's hygroscopic performance under stabilisation: an experimental investigation

Arrigoni

Grillet

Pelosato

et al. 2017

Building and Environment

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a b s t r a c tOne of the acknowledged qualities of rammed earth (RE) is its moisture buffering capacity. Recently, stabilisation of RE has become a common practice to improve the mechanical resistance but very little is known about the effect that stabilisation has on hygroscopic properties. The present study aims to fill this gap by understanding the role that stabilisation plays in the buffering and sorption capacity of RE. The use of alternative stabilisers such as fly ash and calcium carbide residue and a comparison with traditional unstabilised RE (URE) have also been investigated. Moreover, the effect of weathering, simulated by cyclic wetting-drying, on hygroscopic performance has been analysed. Moisture Buffer Value (MBV) testing, moisture and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms and mercury intrusion porosimetry were performed on stabilised samples to examine microstructural phenomena responsible for behavioural changes. URE was confirmed to be a good-to-excellent passive air conditioner according to the MBV scale but its performance seemed to be highly influenced by the soil particle size distribution and mineralogy. Based on the experimental outcomes of the mixtures investigated, stabilisation had a detrimental effect on the moisture buffer capacity of rammed earth, likely due to the inhibition of the physico-chemical interactivity between moisture and clays. Weathering had a variable effect on the buffering capacity, depending on the availability of unreacted particles in the matrix.

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“…Similar result in the study by Balila, et al [16] shows that all the specimens for the unstabilized Sudanese bricks were completely eroded in less than 60 min, while bovine stabilized specimen recorded a decreased erosion rate. Another study by Eires, et al [11] indicated that the untreated soil recorded the highest erosion as compared to lime, oil and cement stabilized soil specimens. According to Heathcote [17], the measurements carried out indicate a discharge of 29.6 l/min for the test which yields a total volume of water in the 60 min to approximately 85 years rainfall in Sydney, Australia.…”

Section: Failure Modementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Danso [12] identified that there are limited studies on the durability properties of CEBs though one of the critical problems of earthen structures is erosion. Eires, et al [11] studied the water resistance of earthen buildings enhanced with binders. They tested the water resistance properties of earth blocks enhanced with lime and oil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Water Resistance of Compressed Earth Blocks Enhanced with Different Natural Fibres

Danso¹

2017

TOBCTJ

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Background: Studies have shown a great potential for the use of Compressed Earth Blocks (CEBs) as a sustainable building material due to its economic, environmental and social benefits. Objective: This study investigates the water resistance characteristics of CEBs reinforced with different natural fibres. Methods: The fibres were sourced from coconut husk, sugarcane bagasse and oil palm fruit at 1 wt% added to two soil samples. The CEB specimen size of 290 × 140 × 100 mm was made at a constant pressure of 10 MPa and dried in the sun for 21 days. Accelerated erosion test was conducted to determine the resistance of the specimen to continuous rainfall condition. Results: It was discovered that the fibres helped in reducing the erodibility rate of the blocks, though there were some degrees of damage. The difference between the water resistance of the unreinforced and fibre reinforced CEBs were found to be statistically significant. Furthermore, the surface of the fibre reinforced blocks eroded rapidly in depth than the internal part, and there was reduction in the depth difference of the erosion with increase time of water spraying on the specimens. Conclusion: The study concludes that though the addition of fibres in soil blocks does not completely prevent the block from erosion, the impact of the fibres on the blocks significantly reduces the erosion.

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Enhancing water resistance of earthen buildings with quicklime and oil

Cited by 53 publications

References 11 publications

Durability of Stabilized Earthen Constructions: A Review

Durability of Stabilized Earthen Constructions: A Review

Reduction of rammed earth's hygroscopic performance under stabilisation: an experimental investigation

Improving Water Resistance of Compressed Earth Blocks Enhanced with Different Natural Fibres

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