Enhancing visual motion discrimination by desynchronizing bifocal oscillatory activity

Salamanca-Giron, Roberto F.; Raffin, Estelle; Zandvliet, Sarah B.; Seeber, Martin; Michel, Christoph M.; Sauseng, Paul; Huxlin, Krystel R.; Hummel, Friedhelm C.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118299

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…In rats, a low-frequency alternating current applied over the cerebellum induced burst-like activity of Purkinje cells ( Asan et al, 2020 ). tACS has been used to investigate long-range functional connectivity in the brain ( Polanía et al, 2012 ; Strüber et al, 2014 ; Violante et al, 2017 ; Schwab et al, 2019 ; Salamanga-Giron et al, 2021 ). The functional connectivity revealed by tACS has been supported by fMRI ( Violante et al, 2017 ), electroencephalography (EEG) ( Helfrich et al, 2016 ), and intracranial EEG (iEEG) ( Alagapan et al, 2019 ) studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They proposed that tACS can entrain neuronal activities related to gait generation in the cerebellum. tACS has also been used to investigate long-range functional connectivity in the brain ( Polanía et al, 2012 ; Schwab et al, 2019 ; Salamanga-Giron et al, 2021 ). These studies applied tACS with currents that were either completely in-phase (i.e., 0° phase lag between the two regions) or anti-phase (180° phase lag between the two regions) (see Figure 1B ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase-dependent modulation of the vestibular–cerebellar network via combined alternating current stimulation influences human locomotion and posture

Nakazono

Taniguchi²,

Mitsutake³

et al. 2022

Front. Neurosci.

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BackgroundHuman locomotion induces rhythmic movements of the trunk and head. Vestibular signaling is relayed to multiple regions in the brainstem and cerebellum, and plays an essential role in maintaining head stability. However, how the vestibular–cerebellar network contributes to the rhythmic locomotor pattern in humans is unclear. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) has been used to investigate the effects of the task-related network between stimulation regions in a phase-dependent manner. Here, we investigated the relationship between the vestibular system and the cerebellum during walking imagery using combined tACS over the left cerebellum and alternating current galvanic vestibular stimulation (AC-GVS).MethodsIn Experiment 1, we tested the effects of AC-GVS alone at around individual gait stride frequencies. In Experiment 2, we then determined the phase-specificity of combined stimulation at the gait frequency. Combined stimulation was applied at in-phase (0° phase lag) or anti-phase (180° phase lag) between the left vestibular and left cerebellar stimulation, and the sham stimulation. We evaluated the AC-GVS-induced periodic postural response during walking imagery or no-imagery using the peak oscillatory power on the angular velocity signals of the head in both experiments. In Experiment 2, we also examined the phase-locking value (PLV) between the periodic postural responses and the left AC-GVS signals to estimate entrainment of the postural response by AC-GVS.ResultsAC-GVS alone induced the periodic postural response in the yaw and roll axes, but no interactions with imagery walking were observed in Experiment 1 (p > 0.05). By contrast, combined in-phase stimulation increased yaw motion (0.345 ± 0.23) compared with sham (−0.044 ± 0.19) and anti-phase stimulation (−0.066 ± 0.18) during imaginary walking (in-phase vs. other conditions, imagery: p < 0.05; no-imagery: p ≥ 0.125). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between the yaw peak power of actual locomotion and in-phase stimulation in the imagery session (imagery: p = 0.041; no-imagery: p = 0.177). Meanwhile, we found no imagery-dependent effects in roll peak power or PLV, although in-phase stimulation enhanced roll motion and PLV in Experiment 2.ConclusionThese findings suggest that combined stimulation can influence vestibular–cerebellar network activity, and modulate postural control and locomotion systems in a temporally sensitive manner. This novel combined tACS/AC-GVS stimulation approach may advance development of therapeutic applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-dependent modulation of the vestibular–cerebellar network via combined alternating current stimulation influences human locomotion and posture

Nakazono

Taniguchi²,

Mitsutake³

et al. 2022

Front. Neurosci.

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“…We used the same 2-alternative, forced-choice, left-right, global direction discrimination and integration task (150 trials in total), as previously described (Huxlin et al, 2009; Martin et al, 2010; Salamanca-Giron et al, 2021, Raffin et al, 2021). The stimuli consisted of a group of black dots moving globally left-or rightwards at a density of 2.6 dots/° and in a 5° diameter circular aperture centred at cartesian coordinates [-5°, 5°] (i.e., the bottom left quadrant of the visual field, relative to central fixation, see Figure 1D).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathway and directional specificity of Hebbian plasticity induction in the cortical visual motion processing network

Bevilacqua

Huxlin

Hummel

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation (ccPAS), which repeatedly pairs single pulse TMS over two distant brain regions with a specific time interval, is thought to modulate synaptic plasticity. Applied to the motion cortical pathway, ccPAS has been shown to improve motion discrimination when specifically targeting backward projections, stimulating the medio-temporal area (MT) followed by the primary visual cortex (V1). However, there is no direct neuroimaging evidence of the spatial selectivity of the ccPAS effects (i.e., pathway or direction specificity) or detailing the exact nature of the ccPAS effects (i.e., the oscillatory signature, timing…). In this study, we applied ccPAS along the motion discrimination pathway, in the top-down direction (MT-to-V1: “Backward ccPAS”) and in the bottom-up direction (V1-to-MT: “Forward ccPAS”) in sixteen healthy volunteers and compared changes in visual network activity in response to single pulse TMS over V1 and MT using spectral granger causality (sGC). The sGC results showed common increases in direct V1-to-MT and V1-to-IPS bottom-up inputs in the high Beta/low Gamma band (25-40 Hz) for both ccPAS, probably reflecting task exposure. However, a clear distinction in information transfer occurred in the re-entrant MT-to-V1 signals, which were only modulated by Backward ccPAS. This difference was predictive of the behavioural improvements at the motion discrimination task. Our results support the view of the possibility to specifically enhance re-entrant Alpha oscillatory signals from MT-to-V1 to promote motion discrimination performance through Backward ccPAS. These findings contribute to better understanding visual processing in healthy subjects and how it can be modulated to pave the way to clinical translation in vision handicapped patients. The changes in re-entrant MT-to-V1 inputs could help to provide single-subject prediction scenarios in patients suffering from a visual system stroke, in whom visual recovery might partly rely on the top-down inputs to the spared V1 neurons.

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“…For instance, in healthy participants, theta tACS improved memory performance (Alekseichuk et al, 2016;Alekseichuk et al, 2020). Moreover, tACS can enhance motor-related excitability (Schilberg et al, 2018), long-term memory consolidation (Ketz et al, 2018), and visual perception (Salamanca-Giron et al, 2021) by adjusting the stimulation frequency corresponding to the targeted brain function. Clinical trials have also shown promising results for tACS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental validation of computational models for the prediction of phase distribution during multi-channel transcranial alternating current stimulation

Lee

Shirinpour

Alekseichuk

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a widely used noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) technique to affect neural activity. Neural oscillations exhibit phase-dependent associations with cognitive functions, and tools to manipulate local oscillatory phases can affect communication across remote brain regions. A recent study demonstrated that multi-channel tACS can generate electric fields with a phase gradient or traveling waves in the brain. Computational simulations using phasor algebra can predict the phase distribution inside the brain and aid in informing parameters in tACS experiments. However, experimental validation of computational models for multi-phase tACS is still lacking. Here, we develop such a framework for phasor simulation and evaluate its accuracy using in vivo recordings in nonhuman primates. We extract the phase and amplitude of electric fields from intracranial recordings in two monkeys during multi-channel tACS and compare them to those calculated by phasor analysis using finite element models. Our findings demonstrate that simulated phases correspond well to measured phases (r = 0.9). Further, we systematically evaluated the impact of accurate electrode placement on modeling and data agreement. Finally, our framework can predict the amplitude distribution in measurements given calibrated conductivity of tissues. Our validated general framework for simulating multi-phase, multi-electrode tACS provides a streamlined tool for principled planning of multi-channel tACS experiments.

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Enhancing visual motion discrimination by desynchronizing bifocal oscillatory activity

Cited by 15 publications

References 98 publications

Phase-dependent modulation of the vestibular–cerebellar network via combined alternating current stimulation influences human locomotion and posture

Phase-dependent modulation of the vestibular–cerebellar network via combined alternating current stimulation influences human locomotion and posture

Pathway and directional specificity of Hebbian plasticity induction in the cortical visual motion processing network

Experimental validation of computational models for the prediction of phase distribution during multi-channel transcranial alternating current stimulation

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