“…These factors should be combined in each aspect and be integrated in a final map. Numerous models and methods have been developed to analyze and integrate the factors influencing urban ecological resilience in different cities worldwide (Fu, Liu, Wang, Tian, & Li, 2023;Shi, Zhu, Wu, & Li, 2022;Suárez, Gómez-Baggethun, Benayas, & Tilbury, 2016). These models consider various aspects such as climate, environment, demographics, physical characteristics, cultural factors, urban layout, and infrastructure.…”