Enhancing Two Phase-Commit Protocol for Replicated State Machines

Uyanık, Halit; Ovatman, Tolga

doi:10.1109/pdp50117.2020.00024

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…One of the most popular patterns to implement distributed transactions in a microservice architecture is the two-phase commit protocol (2PC) [7]. In this protocol (see Figure 1), a coordinator is the component that controls transactions and contains the logic for managing them, while the microservices (participating nodes) execute their local transactions.…”

Section: Two Phases Commit Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Saga Pattern for Distributed Transactions within a Microservices Architecture

2022

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The saga pattern manages transactions and maintains data consistency across distributed microservices via utilizing local sequential transactions that update each service and publish messages to trigger the next ones. Failure by one transaction causes the execution of compensating transactions that counteract the preceding one. However, saga lacks isolation, meaning that reading and writing data from an incomplete transaction is allowed. Therefore, this research proposes an enhanced saga pattern that resolves the lack of isolation issue via the use of the quota cache and the commit-sync service. Some transactions will be transferred from the database layer to the memory layer. Thus, no wrong commit to the main database will occur. If a microservice fails to be completed, the other microservices will run compensation transactions to rollback the changes that only affect the cache layer instead of the database layer. Database commit will be performed when all transactions are completed successfully. A lightweight microservices-based e-commerce system was implemented for comparison. Experiments were conducted for validation and evaluation. Results demonstrate that the proposal has the capability of resolving the lack of isolation. Results indicate that the proposal achieves better performance not only in typical cases but also in the scenario that needs to handle exceptions.

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Section: Two Phases Commit Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Saga Pattern for Distributed Transactions within a Microservices Architecture

2022

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“…This happens completely hidden and automatically. The Committing mechanism combined with the Finalizing mechanism gives a similar process to the two-phase commit protocol [35]; however, there are differences because the Finalizing and Finalized states are handling the potential rollbacking Tail Traquests as well.…”

Section: Traquestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traquest Model

2021

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Atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability are essential properties of many distributed systems. They are often abbreviated as the ACID properties. Ensuring ACID comes with a price: it requires extra computing and network capacity to ensure that the atomic operations are done perfectly, or they are rolled back. When we have higher requirements on performance, we need to give up the ACID properties entirely or settle for eventual consistency. Since the ambiguity of the order of the events, such algorithms can get very complicated since they have to be prepared for any possible contingencies. Traquest model is an attempt for creating a general concurrency model that can bring the ACID properties without sacrificing a too significant amount of performance.

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Early Conflict Checking in Two-Phase Commit Protocol for Replicated State Machines

Uyanık

Ovatman

2021

International Journal of Distributed Systems and Technologies

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Representing an algorithmic workflow as a state machine is a frequently used technique in distributed systems. Replicating a state machine in a fault tolerant way is one of the main application areas under this context. When implementing a replicated state machine, a crucial problem is to maintain consistency among replicas that might handle various different requests arriving at each different replica. This problem requires maintaining a single consistent ordering of the distributed requests handled separately by replicas. Basic consensus protocols such as two phase commit (2PC), can be used to maintain consistency between replicas whenever a request is to be processed. In this study we modify 2PC protocol to take advantage of basic properties of a state machine and detect possible write conflicts earlier. Our experiments on distributed cloud environments show that our modified 2PC protocol increases the throughput and decrease wasted write operations by a significant amount.

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Enhancing Two Phase-Commit Protocol for Replicated State Machines

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Enhancing Saga Pattern for Distributed Transactions within a Microservices Architecture

Enhancing Saga Pattern for Distributed Transactions within a Microservices Architecture

Traquest Model

Early Conflict Checking in Two-Phase Commit Protocol for Replicated State Machines

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