Enhancing Time Synchronization Support in Wireless Sensor Networks

Bruscato, Leandro Tavares; Heimfarth, Tales; Freitas, Edison Pignaton de

doi:10.3390/s17122956

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…PTP implementation has also been considered in a wireless network. Tavares Bruscato et al [29] presented a method using an auto-correction approach, a prediction mechanism, and an analytical correction mechanism to enhance time synchronization support in wireless sensor networks. Yildirim et al [30], presented an adaptive PI clock servo for a wireless sensor network.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the latency and noise that occur during frame exchanges and quantization errors prevent the system time from reaching perfect synchronization. Therefore, filters have been attached to PI compensation, but they cause a time-constant delay before a component reaches the time error boundary [25]- [29]. That slows the initial processing phase of the system and causes lost packets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Adaptive Fuzzy-PI Clock Servo Based on IEEE 1588 for Improving Time Synchronization Over Ethernet Networks

Nguyen

Jeon

2020

IEEE Access

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A network-based control system includes many connected devices, and time synchronization plays an important role in the unified operation of those systems. A clock servo needs a guarantee time offset and a clock rate to minimize the time difference between devices. This paper proposes an adaptive clock servo to improve time synchronization. This proposed algorithm uses a fuzzy-based proportional-integral clock servo (fuzzy-PI) based on IEEE 1588 to reduce the frequency of clock compensation. This method adapts the bandwidth and enhances noise reduction, improving both the time offset and rate difference between the slave and master. The node time can synchronize with the master time after just one cycle of synchronization. Experiments validated the effectiveness of the algorithm and demonstrated that the slave can track the master with the mean and standard deviation of the time offset are 0.432ns and 4.402ns. A cycle time of one second is used to ensure a low-bandwidth network. With these results, the number of nodes over a real-time network can be increased.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Adaptive Fuzzy-PI Clock Servo Based on IEEE 1588 for Improving Time Synchronization Over Ethernet Networks

Nguyen

Jeon

2020

IEEE Access

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“…One such challenge is the need for synchronization, which often comes up in networking environments, and especially so in distributed systems [12,13]. Network synchronization is required to provide time-correlated measurements from remote nodes, so that, when the time comes for the individual data to be processed or fused to compose a new set of information, the latter can be successfully interpreted by the end-user or application and utilized for the decision-making process [14]. Accurate synchronization can be difficult to achieve, due to multiple delays that can accumulate, depending on the utilized hardware and software, alike.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Sensor Network Synchronization for Precision Agriculture Applications

et al. 2020

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The advent of Internet of Things has propelled the agricultural domain through the integration of sensory devices, capable of monitoring and wirelessly propagating information to producers; thus, they employ Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). These WSNs allow real time monitoring, enabling intelligent decision-making to maximize yields and minimize cost. Designing and deploying a WSN is a challenging and multivariate task, dependent on the considered environment. For example, a need for network synchronization arises in such networks to correlate acquired measurements. This work focuses on the design and installation of a WSN that is capable of facilitating the sensing aspects of smart and precision agriculture applications. A system is designed and implemented to address specific design requirements that are brought about by the considered environment. A simple synchronization scheme is described to provide time-correlated measurements using the sink node’s clock as reference. The proposed system was installed on an olive grove to assess its effectiveness in providing a low-cost system, capable of acquiring synchronized measurements. The obtained results indicate the system’s overall effectiveness, revealing a small but expected difference in the acquired measurements’ time correlation, caused mostly by serial transmission delays, while yielding a plethora of relevant environmental conditions.

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“…Numerous time synchronization protocols for terrestrial wireless sensor networks have been proposed in various publications, such as the fine-grained network time synchronization using reference broadcasts (RBS) [4], the timing-sync protocol for sensor networks (TPSN) [5], the flooding time synchronization protocol (FSTP) [6] and others [7,8,9,10]. However, these protocols cannot be directly applied to underwater sensor networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DE-Sync: A Doppler-Enhanced Time Synchronization for Mobile Underwater Sensor Networks

Zhou

Wang

Nie

et al. 2018

Sensors

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Time synchronization is the foundation of cooperative work among nodes of underwater sensor networks; it takes a critical role in the research and application of underwater sensor networks. Although numerous time synchronization protocols have been proposed for terrestrial wireless sensor networks, they cannot be directly applied to underwater sensor networks. This is because most of them typically assume that the propagation delay among sensor nodes is negligible, which is not the case in underwater sensor networks. Time synchronization is mainly affected by a long propagation delay among sensor nodes due to the low propagation speed of acoustic signals. Furthermore, sensor nodes in underwater tend to experience some degree of mobility due to wind or ocean current, or some other nodes are on self-propelled vehicles, such as autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). In this paper, we propose a Doppler-enhanced time synchronization scheme for mobile underwater sensor networks, called DE-Sync. Our new scheme considers the effect of the clock skew during the process of estimating the Doppler scale factor and directly substitutes the Doppler scale factor into linear regression to achieve the estimation of the clock skew and offset. Simulation results show that DE-Sync outperforms existing time synchronization protocols in both accuracy and energy efficiency.

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Enhancing Time Synchronization Support in Wireless Sensor Networks

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

An Adaptive Fuzzy-PI Clock Servo Based on IEEE 1588 for Improving Time Synchronization Over Ethernet Networks

An Adaptive Fuzzy-PI Clock Servo Based on IEEE 1588 for Improving Time Synchronization Over Ethernet Networks

Wireless Sensor Network Synchronization for Precision Agriculture Applications

DE-Sync: A Doppler-Enhanced Time Synchronization for Mobile Underwater Sensor Networks

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