Enhancing the stability and efficiency of MAPbI₃ perovskite solar cells by theophylline-BF₄⁻ alkaloid derivatives, a theoretical-experimental approach

Abstract

The incorporation of new quaternized theophylline and BF4 additives in MAPbI3 perovskite solar cells increases efficiency and stability in controlled humidity.

Recent trends on the application of phytochemical-based compounds as additives in the fabrication of perovskite solar cells

“…Their applications as additives in the fabrication of PSCs is a recent development that has been found to boost the PCE and stability in PSCs. 109,116,117 This review explores the different categories of phytochemicals that have been utilized as additives in the fabrication of PSCs. Emphasis will be placed on the chemical structures of the phytochemicals, their interaction with the ionic or atomic species in perovskite materials and how they impact on the optoelectronic properties, degradation resistance and overall performance of the fabricated PSCs.…”

Defect Passivation and Fabrication of Stable Large-Area (2.0 cm2) Perovskite Solar Cells with Cost-Effective Metal Contacts

“…After PEACl doping of the perovskite layer, crystal growth is improved due to the high diffusion and reactive nature of smaller-sized Cl – ions, passivating the trap states and other defect states that are present on the perovskite film surface, resulting in higher FF and V OC of the small- and large-area device. With the increasing concentration of the PEACl additive beyond 12 mol %, a large number of Cl – ions accumulate at the grain surfaces and GBs, increasing the no of defect states and recombination, decreasing the FF and shunt-resistance ( R Sh ) of the device. , Conversely, the conjugated effect of the organic intercalation PEA + spacer from PEACl reduces the interfacial recombination between perovskite/PTAA and perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD and improves the V OC of the PSCs. The larger organic PEA + ions contain hydrophobic properties due to the presence of benzene ring and thus reduce moisture ingress and enhance the stability of the device. − …”