“…A review of the literature has shown that many studies have empirically investigated the impacts of FTPs on organizational performance. For example, studies tested FTPs on internet banking and mobile banking (Ky et al, 2019;Okiro & Ndungu, 2013); self-service and machine learning (e.g., Odawa, 2016;Gomber et al, 2018;Noor et al, 2019), and cybersecurity (Chang et al, 2020;Meng et al, 2019;Ng & Kwok, 2017). Additionally, empirical studies measured bank performance differently, but ROA (return on assets, Ky et al, 2019), ROE (return on equity, Phan et al, 2020) and survey (Kianto et al, 2013) are the most commonly used methods.…”