Enhancing the performance of RPL using a Receiver-Based MAC protocol in lossy WSNs

Akhavan, Mohammad Reza; Watteyne, Thomas; Aghvami, A.H.

doi:10.1109/cts.2011.5898916

Cited by 12 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…2) TSTP Medium Access Control and Routing: TSTP MAC [12] is the component within TSTP responsible for interfacing the protocol with the physical network in an energyaware manner. Its design follows the general principles of RB-MAC [13]: a long preamble composed of microframes (see figure 4) is sent before each message, such that just one sender occupies the channel at every full period S; sensor nodes sleep for most of the time and, when they receive a message, nodes closer to the destination become relay candidates, using their distances to the destination to derive the time offset δ(m) for Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) and retransmission. The relay candidate closest to the destination accesses the channel earlier and wins the contention, resulting in a greedy, fullyreactive, geographic routing.…”

Section: B Trustful Space-time Protocol (Tstp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Byzantine Resilient Protocol for the IoT

Fröhlich

Scheffel

Kozhaya

et al. 2019

IEEE Internet Things J.

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Wireless sensor networks, often adhering to a single gateway architecture, constitute the communication backbone for many modern cyber-physical systems. Consequently, faulttolerance in CPS becomes a challenging task, especially when accounting for failures (potentially malicious) that incapacitate the gateway or disrupt the nodes-gateway communication, not to mention the energy, timeliness, and security constraints demanded by CPS domains. This paper aims at ameliorating the fault-tolerance of WSN based CPS to increase system and data availability. To this end, we propose a replicated gateway architecture augmented with energy-efficient real-time Byzantineresilient data communication protocols. At the sensors level, we introduce FT-TSTP, a geographic routing protocol capable of delivering messages in an energy-efficient and timely manner to multiple gateways, even in the presence of voids caused by faulty and malicious sensor nodes. At the gateway level, we propose a multi-gateway synchronization protocol, which we call ByzCast, that delivers timely correct data to CPS applications, despite the failure or maliciousness of a number of gateways. We show, through extensive simulations, that our protocols provide better system robustness yielding an increased system and data availability while meeting CPS energy, timeliness, and security demands. Index Terms-Fault Tolerance. Algorithm/protocol design and analysis. Routing Protocols. Wireless Sensor Networks. A. A. Fröhlich and R. M. Scheffel where with the Software/Hardware

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Section: B Trustful Space-time Protocol (Tstp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Byzantine Resilient Protocol for the IoT

Fröhlich

Scheffel

Kozhaya

et al. 2019

IEEE Internet Things J.

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“…By tuning CI and CCA, average duty-cycles of below 1% can be achieved without any need for scheduling or synchronization. Some MAC protocols that utilized this idea are: B-MAC [6], wiseMAC [7], X-MAC [8], MFP [9], CSMA-MPS [10], STEM [11], 1-hopMAC [12], and RB-MAC [4]. In B-MAC receiver nodes wake up every CI period to check for channel activity.…”

Section: Preamble Sampling Mac Protocol (Ps-mac)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, retransmissions are not energy-efficient and cause delay in transmissions. In [4], Akhavan et al proposed receiver-based MAC (RB-MAC), in which a receiver node is dynamically elected among potential neighbour nodes, based on current channel conditions and other predefined objective function (e.g. distance to the sink, residual energy, or any combinations of these parameters).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of receiver based MAC using configurable framework in WSNs

Steiner

Akhavan

Fröhlich

et al. 2013

2013 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)

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Receiver-based MAC (RB-MAC) is a preamblesampling MAC protocol for WSNs in which a receiver node is dynamically elected, among potential neighbors of the sender node, based on current channel conditions. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of RB-MAC and compare it with a senderbased preamble-sampling MAC protocol by using analytical methods, and implementation in real sensor nodes. We have used Configurable MAC (C-MAC), which is a framework to develop different MAC protocols in WSNs. This framework is realized as a component architecture that can produce application-specific communication protocols. The experimental results presented in the paper corroborate with the analytical and numerical results showing how RB-MAC outperforms sender-based MAC protocols in terms of transmission delay, and energy consumption.

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“…However, load balancing and the effects of contention-based access are not considered. A study on the interaction of RPL with the MAC layer is presented in [14]. The authors investigate the use of a receiver-initiated MAC protocol in enhancing the performance of RPL.…”

Section: B Routing Protocol For Low Power and Lossy Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors investigate the use of a receiver-initiated MAC protocol in enhancing the performance of RPL. However, the work in [14] does not include the specifications of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC. We provide details of the MAC-routing interaction in the next section.…”

Section: B Routing Protocol For Low Power and Lossy Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harmonizing MAC and routing in low power and lossy networks

Marco

Fischione

Athanasiou

et al. 2013

2013 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

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Abstract-Medium access control (MAC) and routing protocols are fundamental blocks in the design of low power and lossy networks (LLNs). As new networking standards are being proposed and different existing research solutions patched, evaluating the performance of the network becomes challenging. Specific solutions that can be individually efficient, when stacked together may have unexpected effects on the overall network behavior. In this paper, we provide an analysis of the fundamental MAC and routing protocols for LLNs: IEEE 802.15.4 MAC and IETF RPL. Moreover, a characterization of their crosslayer interactions is presented by a mathematical description, which is essential to truly understand the protocols mutual effects and their dynamics. Novel metrics that guide the interaction between MAC and routing are compared to existing metrics. Furthermore, a protocol selection mechanism is implemented to select the appropriate routing metric and MAC parameters given specific performance constraints. Analytical and experimental results show that the behavior of the MAC protocol can hurt the performance of the routing protocol and vice versa, unless these two are carefully optimized together.

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Enhancing the performance of RPL using a Receiver-Based MAC protocol in lossy WSNs

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Byzantine Resilient Protocol for the IoT

Byzantine Resilient Protocol for the IoT

Performance evaluation of receiver based MAC using configurable framework in WSNs

Harmonizing MAC and routing in low power and lossy networks

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