Enhancing the Performance of Bi₂S₃ in Electrocatalytic and Supercapacitor Applications by Controlling Lattice Strain

Abstract

Lattice‐strained Bi2S3 with 3D hierarchical structures are prepared through a top‐down route by a topotactic transformation. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) confirm the lattice spacing is expanded by prolonged sulfuration. Performance studies demonstrate that Bi2S3 with the largest lattice expansion (Bi2S3‐9.7%, where 9.7% represents the lattice expansion) exhibits a greater electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity compared to Bi2S3 and Bi2S3‐3.2%. Density functional theory calculations reveal the expansion of the lattice spacing reduces the bandwidth and upshifts the band center of the Bi 3d orbits, facilitating electron exchange with the S 2p orbits. The resultant intrinsic electronic configuration exhibits favorable H* adsorption kinetics and a reduced energy barrier for water dissociation in hydrogen evolution. Operando Raman and post‐mortem characterizations using XRD and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal the generation of pseudo‐amorphous Bi at the edge of Bi2S3 nanorods of the sample with lattice strain during HER, yielding Bi2S3‐9.7%‐A. It is worth noting when Bi2S3‐9.7%‐A is assembled as a positive electrode in an asymmetric supercapacitor, its performance is greatly superior to that of the same device formed using pristine Bi2S3‐9.7%. The as‐prepared Bi2S3‐9.7%‐A//activated carbon asymmetric supercapacitor achieves a high specific capacitance of 307.4 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, exhibiting high retention of 84.1% after 10 000 cycles.

Piezoelectric Polarization Enhanced Photogenerated Carrier Separation of Bi2S3–BaTiO3 Nanostructure-Based Photoelectric Poly-L-lactic Acid Scaffold for Stimulating Cell Growth

“…The high-resolution deconvolution XPS spectra of Bi 4f in Bi 2 S 3 nanorods (Figure c) displayed peaks at 163.2 and 157.9 eV associated with Bi 4f 5/2 and Bi 4f 7/2 , respectively. The two peaks at 161.9 and 160.5 eV in the high-resolution deconvolution XPS spectra of S 2p corresponded to S 2p 1/2 and S 2p 3/2 , respectively, confirming the formation of the Bi–S structure . As for the XPS of Bi 2 S 3 –BaTiO 3 , the peaks of Ba 3d 3/2 and Ba 3d 5/2 were located at 794.7 and 779.3 eV, respectively (Figure d).…”

“…This intimate contact was highly conducive to electron transfer in Bi 2 S 3 –BaTiO 3 . At the same time, there were slight shifts in the split peak positions of Bi 4f and S 2p for Bi 2 S 3 –BaTiO 3 compared to Bi 2 S 3 , indicating a mutual interaction between BaTiO 3 and Bi 2 S 3 . , …”

“…The two peaks at 161.9 and 160.5 eV in the highresolution deconvolution XPS spectra of S 2p corresponded to S 2p 1/2 and S 2p 3/2 , respectively, confirming the formation of the Bi−S structure. 24 As for the XPS of Bi 2 S 3 −BaTiO 3 , the peaks of Ba 3d 3/2 and Ba 3d 5/2 were located at 794.7 and 779.3 eV, respectively (Figure 3d). The Ti 2p 1/2 and Ti 2p 3/2 peaks were located at 464.8 and 458.8 eV, respectively (Figure 3e).…”

In‐Situ‐Grown Cu Dendrites Plasmonically Enhance Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution on Facet‐Engineered Cu2O

“…Preferentially exposing some specific faces with high energy can increase the reaction rate. [25][26][27] For example, Wang and co-workers proposed an in situ electrochemical reduction strategy to synthesize Pt nanosheets with high-index {311} planes and low-index {200} and {111} planes on carbon nanotubes, and it is found that the {311} planes of Pt nanosheets had a higher electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity compared with the other planes. [28] Kuo et al prepared {100} facet-dominated silver nanocubes and {111} facetdominated silver nano octahedra via polyol reactions.…”

Oxygen Vacancy-Enriched Bi2SeO5 Nanosheets with Dual Mechanism for Ammonium-Ion Batteries

“…Zhang et al . have reported the lattice-strained Bi 2 S 3 with 3D hierarchical structure in an asymmetric supercapacitor, exhibiting a high specific capacitance of 307.4 F g –1 . Bi 2 Se 3 has been recognized as an efficient host material for lithium/sodium/zinc ions. − Furthermore, Bi 2 O 2 Se has been studied in zinc-ion batteries and showed good electrochemical performance toward H + and Zn 2+ .…”