Enhancing the interyarn friction properties of kevlar and glass fabrics through ZnO nanowire coating

Gowthaman, S.; Sekhar, Dileep R

doi:10.1177/0021998320967416

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, it has been shown in a study that refreshing the growth solution potentially increased the concentration of Zinc ions and its precipitates on the fabric surface. [ 41 ] Hence a simple processing route for the synthesis of ZnO NW with growth time of 2 h without any refreshing of growth solution was adopted in this research. Figure 4 shows the morphology of ZnO NW coated onto glass and carbon fabrics, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar effects on the properties of glass fibers and fabrics due to ZnO NW coating have been reported in the literature. [ 31,41 ] It was possible that Zn 2+ ions generated during the ZnO NW synthesis process changed the crystalline structure of glass fibers and thus increased the modulus of the glass fibers. This mechanism could be similar to the conventional way of adding Zn 2+ and Be 2+ ions in the production stage to increase the modulus of the glass fibers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As observed in the literature, ZnO NW coating of glass fabrics tend to increase the brittleness of the glass fabrics. [ 31,41 ] The increased brittleness of ZnO NW‐coated glass fabrics could have sensitively affected the ILSS and decreased the ILSS of glass composites. As a result, the ILSS of ZnO NW incorporated glass composites decreased in both dry and wet conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As observed in the literature, ZnO NW coating of carbon or other fabrics (like Kevlar) normally do not affect the brittleness of fabrics. [27,41] Hence, the coating of carbon fabrics with ZnO NW was expected to provide the beneficial effects of interface bonding in SBS tests. Accordingly, incorporation of ZnO NW increased the ILSS of dry and wet carbon composites by ~13% and ~17%, respectively.…”

Section: Sbs Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of incorporating ZnO nanowires on the moisture absorption and mechanical properties of composites

2022

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For the first time, this study explores how the incorporation of ZnO nanowires (ZnO NW) in the interface affects moisture absorption and resultant mechanical properties of glass and carbon composites. ZnO NW were coated onto glass and carbon fabrics to modify the fiber/matrix interface in the composites. Moisture absorption, longitudinal tension, short beam shear, and mode‐I fracture tests were conducted. While the moisture absorption was found to decrease the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of glass composite, it was found to decrease the ILSS, tensile properties, and fracture toughness of carbon composites. The incorporation of ZnO NW was found to decrease the moisture absorption in both glass and carbon composites, increase the tensile modulus of dry and wet glass composites by ~17%, and prevent the delamination failure of wet carbon composites in tensile tests. Also, ZnO NW incorporation was found to increase the fracture toughness of all composites with a maximum of 141% improvement for dry carbon composite. Importantly, ZnO NW incorporation was believed to increase the stiffness and prevent bending failure of DCB arm in wet carbon composites. The uniqueness of this article includes demonstrating the benefits of ZnO NW to reduce the moisture absorption in composites and to reduce the extent of fiber/matrix interface degradation in wet carbon composites.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sbs Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of incorporating ZnO nanowires on the moisture absorption and mechanical properties of composites

2022

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“…The benefit of shear thickening behavior of fluids in the mechanical and ballistic applications was reported in numerous studies [ 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 ]. For these studies, a thickening ratio is taken into account in the efficiency of an STF [ 46 ].…”

Section: Theoretical Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabric Impregnation with Shear Thickening Fluid for Ballistic Armor Polymer Composites: An Updated Overview

et al. 2022

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As destructive power of firearms raises over the years, ballistic armors are in continuous need of enhancement. For soft armors, this improvement is invariably related to the increase of stacked layers of high-strength fiber fabrics, which potentially restrains wearer mobility. A different solution was created in the early 2000s, when a research work proposed a new treatment of the ballistic panels with non-Newtonian colloidal shear thickening fluid (STF), in view of weight decreasing with strength reinforcement and cost-effective production. Since then, databases reveal a surge in publications generally pointing to acceptable features under ballistic impact by exploring different conditions of the materials adopted. As a result, several works have not been covered in recent reviews for a wider discussion of their methodologies and results, which could be a barrier to a deeper understanding of the behavior of STF-impregnated fabrics. Therefore, the present work aims to overview the unexplored state-of-art on the effectiveness of STF addition to high-strength fabrics for ballistic applications to compile achievements regarding the ballistic strength of this novel material through different parameters. From the screened papers, SiO2, Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 200 and 400, and Aramid are extensively being incorporated into the STF/Fabric composites. Besides, parameters such as initial and residual velocity, energy absorbed, ballistic limit, and back face signature are common metrics for a comprehensive analysis of the ballistic performance of the material. The overview also points to a promising application of natural fiber fabrics and auxetic fabrics with STF fluids, as well as the demand for the adoption of new materials and more homogeneous ballistic test parameters. Finally, the work emphasizes that the ballistic application for STF-impregnated fabric based on NIJ standards is feasible for several conditions.

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Surface engineering of textile structural composites with ZnO nanorods and graphene nanofillers for aircrew helmet applications

Singh,

Behera

2024

Polymer Composites

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This research aimed to augment the properties of interfibre interfaces through surface treatment with ZnO nanorods while simultaneously modifying the matrix with graphene nanoplatelets. The strategic approach of this research focused on synergizing these interventions to enhance the mesomechanical, and macromechanical properties, which are specifically targeted at improving the performance of aircrew helmets. This study investigated the effectiveness of these enhancements in improving the mechanical performance of aircrew helmets. The synergy of integrating ZnO nanorods and doped GNPs into Kevlar fabric resulted in a 29% increase in impact energy absorption compared to that of the standard Kevlar composite. Furthermore, the composite samples underwent thorough analysis through techniques such as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. The findings indicate that incorporating 1% graphene nanofillers into Kevlar during the fourth seed cycle of ZnO treatment yields favorable mechanical performance characteristics. SEM at 50 KX magnification provided detailed visualization of the ZnO nanorods grafted onto the fabric substrates, with subsequent evaluation of the morphological damage and fractography of the impacted composites. The findings of this research hold significance for advancing the understanding of composite material behavior under impact loads and contribute to ongoing efforts to enhance the durability and performance of structural composites in diverse applications.Highlights Synergistic treatment with ZnO nanorods and graphene nanoplatelets boosted Kevlar composite properties for aircrew helmets. Adding 1% graphene during ZnO treatment increased impact energy absorption by 29%. Comprehensive analysis validated treatment efficacy, showing substantial mechanical improvements. The research advances composite understanding, paving the way for durable, high‐performance materials for applications like aircrew helmets.

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Enhancing the interyarn friction properties of kevlar and glass fabrics through ZnO nanowire coating

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of incorporating ZnO nanowires on the moisture absorption and mechanical properties of composites

Effects of incorporating ZnO nanowires on the moisture absorption and mechanical properties of composites

Fabric Impregnation with Shear Thickening Fluid for Ballistic Armor Polymer Composites: An Updated Overview

Surface engineering of textile structural composites with ZnO nanorods and graphene nanofillers for aircrew helmet applications

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