Enhancing the efficiency of a PCR using gold nanoparticles

Li, Min; Lin, Yu Cheng; Wu, Chao; Liu, Hsiao Sheng

doi:10.1093/nar/gni183

Cited by 191 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…By comparing the effects of different sized AuNPs on PCR, we found that mono-dispersed AuNPs of a smaller size were most effective in enhancing the efficiency and fidelity of PCR (data not shown), in agreement with previous reports [15,21,22]. This also indicates that the thermal conductivity of the AuNPs is the main reason for enhanced PCR efficiency and accuracy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Mechanism of gold nanoparticle induced simultaneously increased PCR efficiency and specificity

Lin

Yao

et al. 2013

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been reported to induce faster heat transfer of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) solution to enhance PCR efficiency. AuNPs can also increase the specificity of PCR by functioning analogously to single-stranded DNA binding protein (SSB). However, the simple structure of AuNPs makes it difficult to determine how AuNPs affect PCR efficiency and specificity. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of AuNPs on PCR efficiency by altering the denaturation times and annealing temperatures. In addition, comparative study of the effect of AuNPs on PCR inhibition caused by two competitive primers allowed investigation of the mechanisms of AuNP-enhanced PCR accuracy. Finally, heat-treated salmon sperm DNA was used to evaluate whether AuNPs could eliminate the inhibitory PCR effect caused by DNA impurities. This study demonstrated that enhanced thermal conductivity by AuNPs was the main mechanism for increased PCR efficiency and specificity. AuNPs promoted efficient double-stranded DNA template unwinding and dissociation between mismatched primers, DNA fragments and template, and enhanced PCR efficiency and specificity simultaneously. Thus, this significant finding suggests the future use of AuNP-assisted PCR in different fields, especially in rapid clinical diagnosis and screening by PCR.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Mechanism of gold nanoparticle induced simultaneously increased PCR efficiency and specificity

Lin

Yao

et al. 2013

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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“…For example, AuNPs have been proposed as potential therapies as exposure of protein aggregates to these nanoparticles with accompanying application of photothermal treatment led to the disaggregation of the protein complexes suggesting that AuNPs could be used to treat conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (19). In a previous study, it was observed that AuNPs improved the efficiency of amplifying DNA by the polymerase chain reaction (23). It is possible that the AuNPs may have improved the efficiency of the polymerase chain reaction by conferring stability to the polymerase.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cysteine‐capped gold nanoparticles suppress aggregation of proteins exposed to heat stress

et al. 2013

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Gold nanoparticles show a lot of promise as potential agents for drug delivery and disease diagnosis. Because of this, it is important that the interaction between gold nanoparticles and biomolecules be well characterized to avoid undesirable consequences. In this study, gold nanoparticles were synthesized by the reduction of gold salt by sodium borohydride in the presence of cysteine as the capping agent. The physical features of the nanoparticles were analyzed using Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometry and transmission electron microscopy. The interaction between gold nanoparticles and the following proteins: bovine serum albumin, citrate synthase, malate dehydrogenase, and human heat shock protein 70 was investigated by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The stability of the proteins against heat stress was assessed by monitoring their aggregation at 48 8C, either in the presence or absence of gold nanoparticles. The gold nanoparticles were capable of suppressing the heat-induced aggregation of the proteins. Furthermore, apart from possessing independent protein-aggregation suppression function, the AuNPs also augmented the chaperone function of human heat shock protein 70. Findings from this study demonstrate that cyteinecoated gold nanoparticles exhibit chaperone-like activity and have the capability to stabilize proteins to which they may be conjugated. V C 2013 IUBMB Life, 65(5): 454-461, 2013.

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“…This increases the ionic strength of DNA to attach to polymerase Bst, and reduces the initial entropy for polymerisation. It has been shown that AuNPs can enhance the sensitivity and extension rate of PCR because it preferably binds to single-stranded DNA, and also improves thermal conductivity in normal PCR [19]. The excellent femtosecond thermal transient effects of AuNPs are particularly potent [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of gold and silver nanoparticles in loop-mediated isothermal amplification reactions

Gao¹,

Liu²,

Yi³

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Nanoscience

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Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) performed with protein DNA polymerase Bst and DNA chains was influenced by nanoparticles in different ways. The effects of different concentrations of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with diameters 10 and 20 nm and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) 1-10 nm in diameter on the amplification of the pR72H gene of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were investigated. AuNPs with a diameter of 10 nm in 0.6-60 nM concentration accelerated initiation of the LAMP reaction, 3 nM AuNPs reduced the reaction time by about 10 min, whereas 20 nm AuNPs did not, although neither size increased the yield after 60 min. AgNPs inhibited the LAMP reaction both in speed and yield at concentrations of 0.6-60 nM; the yield of amplification was reduced by 50% and 80% for 12 and 60 nM, respectively, after reaction for 1 h. This indicated that strong bactericidal effects of silver are also observed in its nanoparticles. The molecular mechanism of AuNPs and AgNPs in LAMP needs to be explored further, although their size-related electronic, magnetic and optical properties, as well as their ability to affect protein denaturation, or hydrophilic/hydrophobic effects may be involved.

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Enhancing the efficiency of a PCR using gold nanoparticles

Cited by 191 publications

References 19 publications

Mechanism of gold nanoparticle induced simultaneously increased PCR efficiency and specificity

Mechanism of gold nanoparticle induced simultaneously increased PCR efficiency and specificity

Cysteine‐capped gold nanoparticles suppress aggregation of proteins exposed to heat stress

Influences of gold and silver nanoparticles in loop-mediated isothermal amplification reactions

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