Enhancing the Antifungal Activity of Griseofulvin by Incorporation a Green Biopolymer-Based Nanocomposite

Abstract

Fungal biofilms have caused several medical problems, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality as well as poor response to antifungal drugs. The current study was designed to evaluate the enhancement of antifungal and anti-biofilm activity of Griseofulvin-loaded green nanocomposite-based biopolymers (Ge-Nco) of glycogen and gelatin against different strains of pathogenic Candida species. The prepared Ge-Nco was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). In addition, the morphology of the mature biofilm and the inhibition of biofilm was monitored and visualized using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and (IC50) of Griseofulvin alone and the prepared Ge-Nco against three different strains of Candida sp. were determined according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) method. The effects of Griseofulvin alone and Ge-Nco on the tested Candida sp. biofilm formation were determined by the crystal-violet staining protocol. The biofilm inhibition potential of Ge-Nco against the tested Candida sp. was detected and depicted under CLSM (2.5 D view). The findings depicted that Ge-Nco was prepared in nanometer size (10–23 nm). The observed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Griseofulvin alone and Ge-Nco against three different Candida sp. were found to be in range 49.9–99.8 μg/mL and 6.24–12.48 μg/mL, respectively. These results provide evidence for implementing efficient antivirulence approaches against three different Candida sp. that would be less likely to foster the emergence of resistance.

Development of Antimicrobial Laser-Induced Photodynamic Therapy Based on Ethylcellulose/Chitosan Nanocomposite with 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(m-Hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin

“…In addition, the drug delivery systems in the nanostructures based on polysaccharide materials enhance the features of the loaded drug, e.g., bioavailability and durability [35]. Additionally, the microstructure of polysaccharides usually impacts drug efficiency through disaggregation of drug particles into the 3D network [36][37][38].…”

Ecofriendly preparation of silver nanoparticles-based nanocomposite stabilized by polysaccharides with antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities

“…The CFE of B. cer eus MAE 16 has shown a rapid formation of Ag-NPs which was visually observed by turning reaction color to dark brown within few hours of exposure to the precursor silver nitrate. Excitation of surface plasmon excitation (SPR) is a characteristic spectroscopic signature of Ag-NPs formation and the color change of reaction is attributed to the SPR excitation (Shehabeldine et al 2021a ; Elbahnasawy et al 2021a ). Ag-NPs exhibited SPR with an intense absorption peak at 430 nm in UV–vis spectra range after 24 h of incubation with 1 mM AgNO 3 (Fig.…”

“…The surface morphology of Ag-NPs and Ag-NC was carried out using JEOL 1010 transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Model JEM2010, Japan. The samples were processed according to (Shehabeldine et al 2021a ; Elbahnasawy et al 2021a ).…”

5-Fluorouracil Encapsulated Chitosan-Cellulose Fiber Bionanocomposites: Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Analysis towards Colorectal Cancer Cells

“…Nano-sized medicines may favorably enhance circulation time, targeted activities, and safe drug delivery to decrease the issues of side effects from the chemotherapy treatments [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. For this aim, biopolymer-based NPs may ideally avoid the immune system to increase circulation time of the NPs in blood to enhance the anticancer actions [ 25 ]. The drug delivery systems may affect the microenvironment of tumors, which is leaky and has a higher sensitivity to macromolecules compared to the normal cells [ 26 ].…”

“…The drug delivery systems may affect the microenvironment of tumors, which is leaky and has a higher sensitivity to macromolecules compared to the normal cells [ 26 ]. Thus, drug encapsulation in natural polymers can be considered as an emerging research area for different pharmaceutical applications [ 24 , 25 , 27 ]. Furthermore, being impressively biodegradable and possessing an ability for the enzymatic degradation by colonic microbial agents, biopolymers (such as lignin-based NPs, glycogen and gelatin and cellulose fibers) may trigger probes for novel polymeric–anticancer nanodrug conjugates with advanced antiproliferative actions [ 24 , 25 , 27 , 28 ].…”