Enhancing Rice Production by Potassium Management: Recommended Reasonable Fertilization Strategies in Different Inherent Soil Productivity Levels for a Sustainable Rice Production System

Abstract

Enhancing agricultural productivity with the minimum possible cost to the environment is crucial for sustainable agriculture development. The effective management of K fertilizer would reduce the pollution risk of fertilizer residue. The data from the 29 experimental sites for rice in Liaoning province were used to determine the effect of different K fertilizer management in increasing yield, K uptake, and potassium fertilizer contribution rates (FCRK) for rice. The relationship among rice yield, biomass accumulation and plant K uptake, and recommended reasonable K fertilizer application rates in different inherent soil productivity levels were evaluated. The four treatments comprised no K fertilizer (K0), K fertilizer application of 60kg ha-1 (K60), 120kg ha-1 (K120), and 180kg ha-1 (K180). The K120 treatment showed a significant yield increase (16.59%) compared to the K0 treatment in this study. The average K uptake of grain in the K60, K120 and K180 treatments was 23.1, 24.8 and 24.9 kg ha-1, which was significantly higher by 12.67%, 20.77%, and 21.48% compared to the K0 treatment. The average K uptake of grain, straw and plant was highest in K180 (134.8 kg ha-1), followed by the K120 and K60. Additionally, the correlation between grain yield, biomass accumulation (y) and plant K uptake (x) showed a significant positive polynomial function. The equation was y = −0.406x2 + 110.43x + 639.3 and y = −0.237x2 + 135.3x + 3796.2, respectively. The FCRK followed the sequence as K180 < K60 < K120. Furthermore, the recommended K application rates in the 29 experimental sites were ranged from 92.8 to 134.5 kg ha-1, and the corresponding theoretical yield of recommended K rate were ranged from 7371.5 to 11144.5, and with an average of 9297.5 kg ha-1. Remarkably, the average recommended K rate in the four inherent soil productivity levels was 116.1, 111.2, 112.2 and 111.7 kg ha-1 and the corresponding average theoretical yield was 9966.1 kg ha-1, 10158.8 kg ha-1, 8373.2 kg ha-1 and 8881.9 kg ha-1. The results of this study suggest that different inherent soil productivity levels have different K application rates and yield performance. This result somewhat strengthens the finding of this study that moderate K application is conducive to effectively improving the yield and to the enhancement of agricultural productivity, which is conducive to the sustainable environment.

Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Combined with Organic Fertilizer Application on Soil Properties, Citrus Growth Physiology, and Yield

“…The yield per citrus tree was investigated in December, each treatment included three citrus trees and five replications per treatment. Fertilizer contribution rate was calculated by the method in Jiang et al [32]. The root and fruit measurement of N, P, and K concentration was same as that of twigs and leaves.…”

The Correlation between Soil Nutrient and Potato Quality in Loess Plateau of China Based on PLSR

“…The solution was then filtered, and 5 mL was placed in a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 210 nanometers. Determination of soil available phosphorus was performed according to Lu et al [34]. We measured soil available potassium by flame photometry method with NH 4 OAc extraction [35].…”

Manurial amendments and source of water for supplemental irrigation of sawah-rice system influenced soil quality and rice yield

“…Instead, we interpret the results to be due to a linear positive relationship between soil K + balance and rice uptake in the various treatments. This is based on the knowledge that rice grain yield often tends to decline beyond K-fertilizer rate of 60 kg ha -1 (Buri et al, 2008) or certain levels of K + uptake (Islam et al, 2015;Jiang et al, 2019). As with grain yield, plant height and number of tillers per stand both showed quadratic relationships with the three basic cations (figure not shown).…”