Enhancing Quit &amp; Win contests to improve cessation among college smokers: a randomized clinical trial

Thomas, Janet L.; Luo, Xianghua; Bengtson, Jill; Wang, Qi; Ghidei, Winta; Nyman, John A.; Lust, Katherine; An, Lawrence C.; Wetter, David W.; Epstein, Leonard H.; Ahluwalia, Jasjit S.

doi:10.1111/add.13144

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Both self-reported abstinence and biochemically verified abstinence were of interest. The study design and the characteristics of participants are described in greater detail in the parent study manuscript [15]. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as number NCT01096108.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a manuscript demonstrating a novel application of a statistical method on data collected from a previous study [15]. Data requests should be addressed to JLT, the principle investigator of the Enhanced Quit & Win study.…”

Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rest of the article is organized as follows. In Section 2, we first introduce a randomized controlled trial of college smokers [15] which motivated this research, and then, we introduce a sensitivity analysis method using a two-stage imputation procedure for missing abstinence data at the self-reporting and subsequent biochemical verification stages. In Section 3, we report the sensitivity analysis result of the college smokers study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of self-report and biochemically verified tobacco abstinence outcomes with missing data: a sensitivity analysis using two-stage imputation

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2018

BMC Med Res Methodol

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BackgroundMissing data are common in tobacco studies. It is well known that from the observed data alone, it is impossible to distinguish between missing mechanisms such as missing at random (MAR) and missing not at random (MNAR). In this paper, we propose a sensitivity analysis method to accommodate different missing mechanisms in cessation outcomes determined by self-report and urine validation results.MethodsWe propose a two-stage imputation procedure, allowing survey and urine data to be missing under different mechanisms. The motivating data were from a tobacco cessation trial examining the effects of the extended vs. standard Quit and Win contests and counseling vs. no counseling under a 2-by-2 factorial design. The primary outcome was 6-month biochemically verified tobacco abstinence.ResultsOur proposed method covers a wide spectrum of missing scenarios, including the widely adopted “missing = smoking” imputation by assuming a perfect smoking-missing correlation (an extreme case of MNAR), the MAR case by assuming a zero smoking-missing correlation, and many more in between. The analysis of the data example shows that the estimated effects of the studied interventions are sensitive to the different missing assumptions on the survey and urine data.ConclusionsSensitivity analysis has played a crucial role in assessing the robustness of the findings in clinical trials with missing data. The proposed method provides an effective tool for analyzing missing data introduced at two different stages of outcome assessment, the self-report and validation time. Our methods are applicable to trials studying biochemically verified abstinence from alcohol and other substances.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12874-018-0635-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of self-report and biochemically verified tobacco abstinence outcomes with missing data: a sensitivity analysis using two-stage imputation

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2018

BMC Med Res Methodol

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“…A total 1,217 college smokers were recruited from 19 two‐ or four‐year universities and colleges in the midwest between 2010 and 2013 using three annual waves of recruitment. The details of the study population and procedures have been reported elsewhere (Thomas et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smoking reduction was defined as the percent change in CPD on smoking days relative to the baseline level. Analyses of the abstinence outcome followed the intent‐to‐treat principle that retained all randomized participants and assumed any participants with missing self‐report abstinence status or missing urine samples were nonabstinent (see Thomas et al, ). Each demand index was fitted in a separate regression (logistic or linear) model, adjusting for the two intervention conditions (multiple vs. single contests and counseling vs. no counseling).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A two‐part mixed effects model for cigarette purchase task data

Zhao

Luo

Chu

et al. 2016

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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The Cigarette Purchase Task is a behavioral economic assessment tool designed to measure the relative reinforcing efficacy of cigarette smoking across different prices. An exponential demand equation has become a standard model for analyzing purchase task data, but its utility is compromised by its inability to accommodate values of zero consumption. We propose a two-part mixed effects model that keeps the same exponential demand equation for modeling nonzero consumption values, while providing a logistic regression for the binary outcome of zero versus nonzero consumption. Therefore, the proposed model can accommodate zero consumption values and retain the features of the exponential demand equation at the same time. As a byproduct, the logistic regression component of the proposed model provides a new demand index, the “derived breakpoint”, for the price above which a subject is more likely to be abstinent than to be smoking. We apply the proposed model to data collected at baseline from college students (N = 1,217) enrolled in a randomized clinical trial utilizing financial incentives to motivate tobacco cessation. Monte Carlo simulations showed that the proposed model provides better fits than an existing model. We note that the proposed methodology is applicable to other purchase task data, for example, drugs of abuse.

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Telephone counselling for smoking cessation

Matkin

Ordóñez‐Mena

Hartmann‐Boyce

2019

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

174

155

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Background Telephone services can provide information and support for smokers. Counselling may be provided proactively or o ered reactively to callers to smoking cessation helplines. Objectives To evaluate the e ect of telephone support to help smokers quit, including proactive or reactive counselling, or the provision of other information to smokers calling a helpline. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialised Register, clinicaltrials.gov, and the ICTRP for studies of telephone counselling, using search terms including 'hotlines' or 'quitline' or 'helpline'. Date of the most recent search: May 2018. Selection criteria Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials which o ered proactive or reactive telephone counselling to smokers to assist smoking cessation. Data collection and analysis We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. We pooled studies using a random-e ects model and assessed statistical heterogeneity amongst subgroups of clinically comparable studies using the I 2 statistic. In trials including smokers who did not call a quitline, we used meta-regression to investigate moderation of the e ect of telephone counselling by the planned number of calls in the intervention, trial selection of participants that were motivated to quit, and the baseline support provided together with telephone counselling (either self-help only, brief face-to-face intervention, pharmacotherapy, or financial incentives). Main results We identified 104 trials including 111,653 participants that met the inclusion criteria. Participants were mostly adult smokers from the general population, but some studies included teenagers, pregnant women, and people with long-term or mental health conditions. Most trials (58.7%) were at high risk of bias, while 30.8% were at unclear risk, and only 11.5% were at low risk of bias for all domains assessed. Most studies (100/104) assessed proactive telephone counselling, as opposed to reactive forms. Among trials including smokers who contacted helplines (32,484 participants), quit rates were higher for smokers receiving multiple sessions of proactive counselling (risk ratio (RR) 1.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19 to 1.61; 14 trials, 32,484 participants; I 2 = 72%) Telephone counselling for smoking cessation (Review)

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Enhancing Quit & Win contests to improve cessation among college smokers: a randomized clinical trial

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

Analysis of self-report and biochemically verified tobacco abstinence outcomes with missing data: a sensitivity analysis using two-stage imputation

Analysis of self-report and biochemically verified tobacco abstinence outcomes with missing data: a sensitivity analysis using two-stage imputation

A two‐part mixed effects model for cigarette purchase task data

Telephone counselling for smoking cessation

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