Enhancing potential for integrated catchment management in New Zealand: a multi-scalar, strategic perspective

Social context and the role of collaborative policy making for private land conservation

“…As Peterson and Horton (1995) noted with efforts to protect the endangered Golden-cheeked warbler on private land in Texas, US, landholder objections to the project were not surprising, given they were only engaged at the implementation phase. Early, widespread public engagement mechanisms may be especially critical for increasing the level of trust between landholders and conservation agencies (Armitage et al 2009, Memon et al 2010.…”

“…Furthermore, involving policy makers (regional, state or federal) means social-ecological changes at larger scales, such as climate change or ecosystem-scale challenges, can be factored into collaborative decision-making (Memon et al 2010).…”

Protection of groundwater dependent ecosystems in Canterbury, New Zealand: the Targeted Stream Augmentation Project

“…This created a classic ''tragedy of the commons'' (Hardin 1968) situation where the cumulative effects of a drying climate and increased abstraction were particularly tragic for the freshwater species that relied on sufficient length of flowing waterways (Painter and Memon 2007;Painter 2009). As adversarial water allocation processes became the norm (Weber et al 2011), central and local government led early research into water storage and distribution opportunities 2 and local researchers led a project with local water stakeholders to identify more equitable and sustainable water management options (Painter and Bright 2006;Memon et al 2010). These projects were followed by confirmation of the CWMS 3 in 2009.…”

Identifying key dynamics and ideal governance structures for successful ecological management

“…The 592 effectiveness of management improved when direct measures were incorporated into the 593 future models to monitor and regulate the processes indirectly affecting water quality. This 594 result showed the value of governance structures that are expanded from merely water and 595 estuarine management to broader, more integrated frameworks (Memon et al 2010). In 596 Europe, a suggested reason for the inability to achieve sustainable approaches to estuarine 597 management was a lack of accepted trade-offs between agricultural or industrial land-use, 598…”