Enhancing membrane performance in removal of hazardous VOCs from water by modified fluorinated PVDF porous material

Al‐Gharabli, Samer; Kujawski, Wojciech; El-Rub, Ziad Abu; Hamad, Eyad M.; Kujawa, Joanna

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2018.04.012

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The highest efficiency (19 L/m 2 h) was achieved for the SMD7 module with the ECTFE membranes having the wall thickness of 170 µm and 0.4 µm pore size, whereas the lowest permeate flux (6.7 L/m 2 h) was obtained for PP membranes with the wall thickness of 1500 µm and 0.2 µm pore size. The results obtained for the membranes with similar capillary diameters and wall thickness ( Table 1, SMD5 and SMD9) indicated that a slightly larger value of the permeate flux may result from a higher porosity and larger pore size [53,54]. For similar reasons the efficiency of the SMD7 module was higher than that obtained for the SMD8 module with PV370 membranes, which had the smallest pore diameters (0.1 µm) ( Table 1).…”

Section: The Effect Of Membrane Morphologymentioning

confidence: 75%

The Application of Submerged Modules for Membrane Distillation

Gryta

2020

Membranes

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This paper deals with the efficiency of capillary modules without an external housing, which were used as submerged modules in the membrane distillation process. The commercial hydrophobic capillary membranes fabricated for the microfiltration process were applied. Several constructional variants of submerged modules were discussed. The influence of membrane arrangement, packing density, capillary diameter and length on the module performance was determined. The effect of process conditions, i.e., velocity and temperature of the streams, on the permeate flux was also evaluated. The submerged modules were located in the feed tank or in the distillate tank. It was found that much higher values of the permeate flux were obtained when the membranes were immersed in the feed with the distillate flowing inside the capillary membranes. The efficiency of submerged modules was additionally compared with the conventional membrane distillation (MD) capillary modules and a similar performance of both constructions was achieved.Membranes 2020, 10, 25 2 of 21 the module channels. With regard to this, in order to achieve a higher degree of water recovery, the feed is circulated in the closed loop and simultaneously reheated before the feed water enters the module [11,12]. These operations are omitted by immersing the capillary membranes inside the feed tank. Thus, the application of submerged modules significantly simplifies a construction of installation, which also additionally reduces the heat losses in the MD process [13][14][15].During a long-term exploitation of the MD module, the water fills a fraction of the membrane pores, thereby the elimination of membrane wettability becomes a very important issue [16][17][18]. The MD process is not pressure-driven, however, the hydrostatic pressure is necessary in order to obtain the feed flow through the module channels. Although the value of this pressure is usually not high, this is one of the reasons accelerating the membrane wetting, especially if the surface tension of the feed solution is low [17,18]. The immersion of membranes inside a non-pressure feed vessel allows elimination of a hydrostatic pressure generated by feed pumping.Fouling is also one of the reasons causing the membrane wetting [19][20][21]. The application of air bubbling is commonly employed in the MBR in order to mitigate the fouling phenomenon and it also proves to be effective in the MD process [15,22,23]. Moreover, in the case of the presence of surface active agents, they are accumulated on the surface of air bubbles, which additionally limits the influence of these substances on the pore wetting [23]. Such a concept was successfully used in the MD process applied to the treatment of wastewater from the petrochemical industry and to the treatment of produced water generated during the extraction of gas and petroleum [2,24].The driving force in the MD process does not directly depend on the bulk feed temperature, but on the feed/membrane interfacial temperature [25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Therefore, t...

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Section: The Effect Of Membrane Morphologymentioning

confidence: 75%

The Application of Submerged Modules for Membrane Distillation

Gryta

2020

Membranes

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“…That observation was in good accordance with the previous results of PVDF treatment with the piranha reagent. 27 The activation process also influenced the membrane roughness and pore size of the material ( Table 1 and Figures S4, S5 ). An increase of roughness from 85 to 110 nm was noticed.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding is in good agreement with the literature, showing that during the modification process, the hydroxyl groups can remain unused mostly owing to the steric effect of modifiers and limited access to the inorganic substrate. 27 , 40 It was essential to observe an intensive peak at 2274 cm –1 ensuring that isocyanate groups were not used and are available for further modification.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Can the Desert Beetle and Biowaste Inspire Hybrid Separation Materials for Water Desalination?

Al‐Gharabli

Al-Omari

Kujawski

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Highly effective, hybrid separation materials for water purification were generated following a bioinspired system available in nature. The desert beetle was the inspiration for the generation of separation materials. Using the hydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane as the basis, the membrane was first activated and then furnished with silane-based linkers, and the covalent anchoring of chitosan was successfully accomplished. The obtained surface architecture was a copy of the desert beetle’s armor possessing a hydrophobic matrix with hydrophilic domains. The modification was done in the presence or the lack of catalyst ( N , N -diisopropylethylamine) that made it possible to tune easily wettability, roughness, and material as well as adhesive features. The membrane morphology and surface chemistry were studied by applying a series of analytical techniques. As a result of chitosan attachment, substantial improvement in transport and separation was reported. Pristine PVDF was characterized by a water flux of 5.28 kg m –2 h –1 and an activation energy of 48.16 kJ mol –1 . The water flux and activation energy for a hybrid membrane with chitosan were equal to 15.55 kg m –2 h –1 and 33.98 kJ mol –1 , respectively. The hybrid materials possessed enhanced stability and water resistance that were maintained after 10 cycles of membrane distillation tests.

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“…The separation and purification of dairy products can be accomplished with high effectiveness by implementing pressure-driven membrane technologies. However, there is a necessity to apply high-pressure differences across the membrane (e.g., ultrafiltration-UF or nanofiltration-NF) (Al-Gharabli et al 2018;Chenchaiah et al 2013;Christensen et al 2006;Qtaishat and Banat 2013;Zaragoza et al 2014), which generates high cost of the process, usually smaller in the case of microfiltration (MF) process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the solutions is to employ a membrane distillation (MD) process (Al-Gharabli et al 2018;Chenchaiah et al 2013) instead of ultra-or microfiltration. MD is a thermally driven membrane process performing at low feed temperatures comparing to the conventional distillation processes permitting to use the waste heat from industrial systems or even solar energy (Qtaishat and Banat 2013;Zaragoza et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport properties and fouling issues of membranes utilized for the concentration of dairy products by air-gap membrane distillation and microfiltration

2018

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The work contains results related to the application of membrane separation processes (i.e., membrane distillation and microfiltration) in dairy products processing. The performance of titania ceramic membranes (pristine as well as hydrophobized) was studied in the microfiltration process of whey and lactose solutions. On the other hand, polymeric porous hydrophobic membranes, (polypropylene-PP and polytetrafluoroethylene-PTFE) were tested in the air-gap membrane distillation (AGMD) process in contact with whey and lactose solutions. The extended material and physiochemical characterization (including fouling issues) of membrane materials before and after the separation process was performed. Transport of lactose solution across the membranes was characterized by higher effectiveness comparing with whey solution. Lactose played an important role and reduced the interactions with membrane material. Lactose solution possessed lower adhesion ability than whey what influenced the fouling and reduction of permeate flux. Membrane distillation was found to be a process that generates high-quality water with retention > 99% while simultaneously concentrating whey or lactose solutions. Microfiltration process was characterized by a rejection of lactose in the range of 80-90% for pristine ceramic membrane and hydrophobized one, respectively. The tendency to fouling in the case of AGMD process was associated with the higher contribution of polar part (29%) of the surface free energy SFE for PTFE membrane. The lowest value of normalized flux decline was observed for PP membrane, and that was correlated with the smallest contribution of polar interaction in SFE, the lowest value of roughness (RSM), contact angle (CA), and contact angle hysteresis (HCA), determined for the membrane after its utilization in the separation process. Keywords Lactose • Whey • Microfiltration • Air-gap membrane distillation • Hydrofobization of ceramics • Fouling phenomena σ L Liquid surface tensions (mN m −1) σ S Solid surface tensions (mN m −1) σ SL Interfacial surface tensions (mN m −1

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Enhancing membrane performance in removal of hazardous VOCs from water by modified fluorinated PVDF porous material

Cited by 28 publications

References 58 publications

The Application of Submerged Modules for Membrane Distillation

The Application of Submerged Modules for Membrane Distillation

How Can the Desert Beetle and Biowaste Inspire Hybrid Separation Materials for Water Desalination?

Transport properties and fouling issues of membranes utilized for the concentration of dairy products by air-gap membrane distillation and microfiltration

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