Enhancing Mechanically Induced ATRP by Promoting Interfacial Electron Transfer from Piezoelectric Nanoparticles to Cu Catalysts

Wang, Zhenhua; Pan, Xiangcheng; Li, Lingchun; Fantin, Marco; Yan, Jiajun; Wang, Zongyu; Xia, Hesheng; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof

doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01597

Cited by 122 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…A mechanically switchable ATRP of methyl acrylate was carried out in an ultrasound bath with a low ppm concentration of Cu catalyst using ultrasound agitation as the external stimulus and piezoelectric barium titanate as the mechanoelectric transducing particles in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at a frequency of 40 kHz . ZnO has been shown to be a much more efficient piezoelectric catalyst and could be used at 100 times lower concentration than BaTiO 3 …”

Section: Mechanism and Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Materials by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

2018

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Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has been successfully employed for the preparation of various advanced materials with controlled architecture. New catalysts with strongly enhanced activity permit more environmentally benign ATRP procedures using ppm levels of catalyst. Precise control over polymer composition, topology, and incorporation of site specific functionality enables synthesis of well-defined gradient, block, comb copolymers, polymers with (hyper)branched structures including stars, densely grafted molecular brushes or networks, as well as inorganic-organic hybrid materials and bioconjugates. Examples of specific applications of functional materials include thermoplastic elastomers, nanostructured carbons, surfactants, dispersants, functionalized surfaces, and biorelated materials.

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Section: Mechanism and Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Materials by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

2018

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“…In order to decrease the required amount of piezoelectrics, other materials were investigated, namely zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles . The loading of ZnO was reduced to 0.1 wt% compared to 4.5 wt% using BaTiO 3 .…”

Section: Development Of Atrp Initiation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Development Of Atrp Initiation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: Billion Times More Active Catalysts and New Initiation Systems

Ribelli

Lorandi

Fantin

et al. 2018

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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226

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polymerizing styrene in the presence of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO) radicals. [10] Later, Wayland et al. used a cobalt(II) porphyrin complex to reversibly trap radical species during the polymerization of acrylate monomers, which showed living features: i) linear increase of polymer MW with monomer conversion, and ii) narrow MWD. [11] These techniques set the basis for the development of nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) [12,13] and organometallic mediated radical polymerization (OMRP). [14][15][16] Within the past three decades, controlled radical polymerization (CRP) has been established as a new field in polymer chemistry, in which exceptional control was achieved over polymer architectures, thus enabling the preparation of commercially relevant polymer-based materials for advanced applications. Following IUPAC recommendations, CRP should be termed as reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP). [17] Besides the aforementioned NMP and OMRP, the most affirmed RDRPs are atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) [18][19][20] and reversible additionfragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. [21] RDRP ensures comparable degree of control as living ionic polymerization, while retaining the versatility and the scope of conventional radical polymerization. The fraction of terminated chains in RDRP is small, typically below a few mol%. Polymers and copolymers prepared by RDRP methods can have defined topologies (stars, brushes, networks, combs), compositions (block, gradient, graft, alternate) and chain-end functionalities. [22] This review will focus on ATRP, with particular attention to the design and application of progressively more active and selective copper-based catalysts, and the development of novel, more benign initiation systems. The correlation between the structure of Cu complexes and their catalytic activity will be discussed in detail, also taking into account the effect of solvent and, when present, surfactants and other additives. Mechanisms of Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization ProcessesThe core of all RDRP systems is the increase of chain lifetime by reversibly deactivating the propagating radical species, thus forming dormant species that can be subsequently reactivated. As opposed to conventional RP in which the 25 Years of ATRP Approaching 25 years since its invention, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is established as a powerful technique to prepare precisely defined polymeric materials. This perspective focuses on the relation between structure and activity of ATRP catalysts, and the consequent choice of the initiating system, which are paramount aspects to well-controlled polymerizations. The ATRP mechanism is discussed, including the effect of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters and side reactions affecting the catalyst. The coordination chemistry and activity of copper complexes used in ATRP are reviewed in chronological order, while emphasizing the structure-activity correlation. ATRP-initiating systems are described, from ...

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“…[90] The same researchers went on to developa zinc oxide (ZnO) catalyst that could replaceB aTiO 3 for mechano-ATRP,f urther improving the characteristics of the system for the successfuls ynthesis of ar ange of polymers under low frequencyultrasonic irradiation (f = 40 kHz). [91] Inspired by the recent developments in sonochemical radical formationf or controlled polymerization, ad ifferent approach to ultrasound-induced ATRP was independently reported recently by Matyjaszewskie tal. [11] and our group, [92] in which the sonochemical (rather than mechanical) effects of ultrasound were utilized.…”

Section: Sonochemically Induced Atom Transferradical Polymerization (mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound and Sonochemistry for Radical Polymerization: Sound Synthesis

McKenzie

Karimi

Ashokkumar

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

155

100

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The use of ultrasound as an external stimulus for promoting polymerization reactions has received increasing attention in recent years. In this Review article, the fundamental processes that can lead to either the homolytic cleavage of polymer chains, or the sonolysis of solvent (or other) small molecules, under the application of ultrasound are described. These reactions promote the production of reactive radicals, which can be utilized in chain‐growth radical polymerizations under the right conditions. A full historical overview of the development of ultrasound‐assisted radical polymerization is provided, with special attention given to the recently described systems that are “controlled” by methods of reversible (radical) deactivation. Perspectives are shared on what challenges still remain in polymer sonochemistry, as well as new areas that are yet to be explored.

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Enhancing Mechanically Induced ATRP by Promoting Interfacial Electron Transfer from Piezoelectric Nanoparticles to Cu Catalysts

Cited by 122 publications

References 64 publications

Advanced Materials by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

Advanced Materials by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: Billion Times More Active Catalysts and New Initiation Systems

Ultrasound and Sonochemistry for Radical Polymerization: Sound Synthesis

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