Enhancing incidence of Puccinia punctiformis, through mowing, to improve management of Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense)

Demers, Andréanne; Berner, D. K.; Backman, P. A.

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2006.06.014

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the Northern Hemisphere, Demers et al. () showed that over time, September (early autumn) mowing, as compared to no mowing, increased the proportion of C. arvense shoots infected by the rust. The plant's response to inoculation could be incorporated into the model by reducing the spring transition rate from old root dry mass to aerial shoot density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In New Zealand, autumn inoculation of C. arvense rosettes with the teliospores of the fungus resulted in a higher incidence of systemic disease compared to ambient disease in control plots (Cripps et al 2014). In the Northern Hemisphere, Demers et al (2006) showed that over time, September (early autumn) mowing, as compared to no mowing, increased the proportion of C. arvense shoots infected by the rust. The plant's response to inoculation could be incorporated into the model by reducing the spring transition rate from old root dry mass to aerial shoot density.…”

Section: Future Work: Biological Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mowing strategies for controlling Cirsium arvense in a permanent pasture in New Zealand compared using a matrix model

Bourdôt

Basse

Cripps

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Defoliation has frequently been proposed as a means of controlling Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. (Californian thistle, Canada thistle, creeping thistle, perennial thistle), an economically damaging pastoral weed in temperate regions of the world, but its optimization has remained obscure. We developed a matrix model for the population dynamics of C. arvense in sheep‐grazed pasture in New Zealand that accounts for the effects of aerial shoot defoliation on a population's photosynthetic opportunity and consequential overwintered root biomass, enabling mowing regimes varying in the seasonal timing and frequency of defoliation to be compared. The model showed that the long‐term population dynamics of the weed is influenced by both the timing and frequency of mowing; a single‐yearly mowing, regardless of time of year, resulted in stasis or population growth, while in contrast, 14 of 21 possible twice‐yearly monthly mowing regimes, mainly those with mowing in late spring, summer, and early autumn, resulted in population decline. Population decline was greatest (with population density halving each year) with twice‐yearly mowing either in late spring and late summer, early summer and late summer, or early summer and early autumn. Our results indicate that mowing can be effective in reducing populations of C. arvense in pasture in the long term if conducted twice each year when the initial mowing is conducted in mid spring followed by a subsequent mowing from mid summer to early autumn. These mowing regimes reduce the photosynthetic opportunity of the C. arvense population and hence its ability to form the overwintering creeping roots upon which population growth depends.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Work: Biological Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mowing strategies for controlling Cirsium arvense in a permanent pasture in New Zealand compared using a matrix model

Bourdôt

Basse

Cripps

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Augmentation of the effect of this pathogen has been hampered by an incomplete understanding of how systemic infection is initiated (Cripps et al 2009;Frantzen 1994). Nevertheless, enhancement of systemic rust disease has been achieved by spreading its spores during strategic mowing operations (Demers et al 2006), and it is plausible that this effect could be enhanced further by mowing during rainfall (Bourdôt et al 2011a). …”

Section: Specificity Of Bioherbicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant pathogens as biocontrol agents for Cirsium arvense – an answer to Müller and Nentwig

Cripps¹,

Bourdôt²,

Bailey³

2012

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“…Early in the season, the fungus produces sweet‐smelling monokaryotic spermogonia with spermatia out of basidiospores to attract insects for cross‐fertilisation (Connick & French, 1991). Following fertilisation, many generations of uredinia with urediniospores are produced, which cause localised lesions on the leaves and stems of neighbour plants (Demers et al. , 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial infection of Cirsium arvense with the rust pathogen Puccinia punctiformis by imitation of natural spore transfer by the weevil Ceratapion onopordi

2011

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Müller E, Jud P & Nentwig W (2011). Artificial infection of Cirsium arvense with the rust pathogen Puccinia punctiformis by imitation of natural spore transfer of the weevil Ceratapion onopordi. Weed Research51, 209–213. Summary Cirsium arvense is a noxious perennial weed. Because of the limited possibilities of chemical and physical control of this weed, many studies have been performed on biological methods. Successful control of C. arvense using the rust fungus Puccinia punctiformis needs the establishment of systemic infection, often connected with the weevil Ceratapion onopordi as a spore vector. To analyse whether an artificial infection of C. arvense with P. punctiformis through the plant stem is possible without the weevil, different infection tests were performed. Urediniospore solutions with different kinds of additives of weevil origin were applied. All treatments with infectious material led to an infection. Injection of pure urediniospores into the plant stem resulted in the highest infection rate (50%). Even though the infection‐via‐the‐stem‐method used in this study was successful in principle, this method is not practicable in the field. Therefore, further studies of infection techniques are needed, particularly to examine the spore stages that cause systemic infections.

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Enhancing incidence of Puccinia punctiformis, through mowing, to improve management of Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense)

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Mowing strategies for controlling Cirsium arvense in a permanent pasture in New Zealand compared using a matrix model

Mowing strategies for controlling Cirsium arvense in a permanent pasture in New Zealand compared using a matrix model

Plant pathogens as biocontrol agents for Cirsium arvense – an answer to Müller and Nentwig

Artificial infection of Cirsium arvense with the rust pathogen Puccinia punctiformis by imitation of natural spore transfer by the weevil Ceratapion onopordi

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