“…Various technologies are being explored to maximize the benefits of biodiesel by converting low-cost glycerol into higher-value compounds. Most conversion methods, including reforming [ 9 , 10 ], hydrogenolysis [ 11 , 12 ], dehydration [ 13 , 14 ], esterification [ 15 , 16 ], etherification [ 17 , 18 ], oligomerization [ 19 , 20 ], carboxylation [ 21 , 22 ], and oxidation [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ], have limitations such as the requirement for an additional energy source or the production of CO 2 during the conversion process. However, photoelectrochemical (PEC) oxidation is a promising method for glycerol conversion, which is an environmentally friendly and straightforward process for directly transferring solar energy into the target material [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”