Enhancing Fatty Acid Production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an Animal Feed Supplement

Abstract

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used for edible purposes, such as human food or as an animal feed supplement. Fatty acids are also beneficial as feed supplements, but S. cerevisiae produces small amounts of fatty acids. In this study, we enhanced fatty acid production of S. cerevisiae by overexpressing acetyl-CoA carboxylase, thioesterase, and malic enzyme associated with fatty acid metabolism. The enhanced strain pAMT showed 2.4-fold higher fatty acids than the wild-type strain. To further increase the fatty acids, various nitrogen sources were analyzed and calcium nitrate was selected as an optimal nitrogen source for fatty acid production. By concentration optimization, 672 mg/L of fatty acids was produced, which was 4.7-fold higher than wild-type strain. These results complement the low level fatty acid production and make it possible to obtain the benefits of fatty acids as an animal feed supplement while, simultaneously, maintaining the advantages of S. cerevisiae.

Expression of Yarrowia lipolytica acetyl-CoA carboxylase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its effect on in-vivo accumulation of Malonyl-CoA

“…ScAcc1p mutants where the amino acid residues targeted by Snf1p were replaced seem to be more active, presumably due to reduced Snf1p mediated inhibition [2] , [4] , [5] . There are few examples of heterologous ACC expression in S. cerevisiae: wheat cytosolic ACC, as well as human ACC genes, were able to complement native ScACC1 function [32] , [33] ; expression of a bacterial heteromeric ACC from Corynebacterium glutamicum improved fatty acid production by 1.6-fold [34] ; expression of ACC1 from Lipomyces starkeyi improved total lipid accumulation, although not more than overexpression of the native ScACC1 [28] . Most studies of the effects of ACC engineering ascertained the effect by an indirect variable such as the production of a certain target compound.…”

Antisense RNA-Based Strategy for Enhancing Surfactin Production in Bacillus subtilis TS1726 via Overexpression of the Unconventional Biotin Carboxylase II To Enhance ACCase Activity

“…Therefore, the precursor β-hydroxy fatty acid, a type of branched fatty acids, was the focus of this study. Earlier studies have reported that the reaction catalyzed by ACCase was the first committed step of the fatty acid synthesis pathway. − Hence, we hypothesized that enhancing ACCase activity to improve the malonyl-CoA supply, resulting in improved fatty acid synthesis, would improve surfactin production. Thus, we first focused on the effects of the five genes encoding the different ACCase subunits in B. subtilis on ACCase activity using an asRNA strategy.…”

“…In this reaction, the cofactor biotin attaches to the biotin carboxyl carrier protein encoded by the accB gene. Thus, the accABCD genes are good metabolic engineering targets, and their overexpression was shown to effectively increase the activity of ACCase in Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 18 and Corynebacterium glutamicum, 19 resulting in an increase in the level of fatty acid synthesis. The combined metabolic map of branched fatty acids and surfactin synthesis of B. subtilis is shown in Figure 1.…”

Systems and Synthetic Biology Approaches to Engineer Fungi for Fine Chemical Production

“…Therefore, strategies to manipulate both species have been reported (Jin et al, 2015 ; Marella et al, 2018 ) and subsequently reviewed in detail. Nevertheless, studies have reported the use of S. cerevisiae as a chassis for the production of fatty acids, in which biomass is used as a carbon source for animal feed supplementation through the addition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and thioesterase genes from Corynebacterium glutamicum (You et al, 2017 ). Another application is the production of oil with reduced viscosity (composed by acetyl-TAGs) with the introduction of a diacylglycerol acetyltransferase from Euonymus alatus (Tran et al, 2017 ).…”