Enhancing drug penetration in solid tumors via nanomedicine: Evaluation models, strategies and perspectives

Semiconducting polymer dots for multifunctional integrated nanomedicine carriers

“…For biological entities, Pdots represent exogenous substances. When introduced into a living system, it is crucial to evaluate their impact on internal microenvironment homeostasis and potential alterations to physiological activities [ [222] , [223] , [224] , [225] ]. Incompatibility between Pdots and the organism can lead to tissue and organ disease or even systemic collapse (this part will be discussed in the 6th section).…”

“…Precise manipulation of cellular behavior and molecular processes is achievable through the detailed design and control of macroscopic structures, molecular composition regulation, surface chemical modification, and nanoscale structural optimization. However, conventional nanomedicine literature in databases often follows a predictable pattern [ 222 , 282 , [397] , [398] , [399] ]. They introduce novel concepts or materials using illustrative diagrams, substantiated by cell culture data and animal models, showcasing impressive in vivo outcomes.…”