Enhancing Distance Protection of Long Transmission Lines Compensated With TCSC and Connected With Wind Power

Abstract

Thyristor controlled series compensation (TCSC) is widely used in long transmission lines to mainly improve power transfer capability. However, TCSC produces complicated impedance that negatively affects distance protection operation. The wind energy generation system produces additional complexity to the distance protection performance due to the variation of wind speed and fault current level. This paper proposes an integrated scheme to change adaptively the settings of the Mho distance protection by shifting the relay characteristics considering the bad impacts of TCSC, wind power and fault resistance. The proposed scheme achieves its main stages starting from fault detection, until relay tripping decision procedure including online estimation for preliminary fault location, impedance of TCSC and fault resistance using limited communication requirements. By extensive MATLAB simulations, the performance of the proposed scheme is examined compared with the conventional Mho relays under different fault locations, fault inception angle, fault resistance, different wind power penetration, different wind speeds and different TCSC firing angles. The achieved results ensured that the proposed scheme improves significantly Mho distance relay operation and avoids under-reaching and overreaching problems irrespective of the large shunt capacitance along the transmission line, and also without identifying the parameters of TCSC such as the capacitance, the inductance or the firing angle.

An intelligent protection scheme for series-compensated transmission lines connecting large-scale wind farms

“…Furthermore, newer solutions are reported in the literature to ensure improved protection for such SCTLs (Abdelaziz et al, 2005;Dash et al, 2006;Nayak et al, 2014;Mishra et al, 2019). Only (Sivov et al, 2016;Sahoo and Samantaray, 2017;Mishra et al, 2021;Mohamed et al, 2021), improved protection schemes are proposed for SCTLs (compensated with either a fixed series capacitor (FSC) or a thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC)) connected with large-scale wind farms. In the study by Sivov et al (2016), an adaptive zone setting method is proposed for the distance relay protecting a fixed series capacitor-compensated transmission line connected to the wind power plant.…”

“…From a practical implementation point of view, such a high-frequency sampling may not be economically attractive. Another adaptive distance relaying scheme is proposed recently by Mohamed et al (2021) for fast and reliable protection of TCSC-compensated HV-TL connecting wind farms using line-end voltage and current measurements received through a limited communication facility. Another traveling wave-based fault location technique is proposed by Mishra et al (2021) for an FSCcompensated TL connecting DFIG-based wind farm using lineend voltage measurements at a sampling frequency of 1,000 kHz.…”

Advanced Protection for the Smart Grid

“…From a practical implementation point of view, such a high-frequency sampling may not be economically attractive. Another adaptive distance relaying scheme is proposed recently by Mohamed et al (2021) for fast and reliable protection of TCSC-compensated HV-TL connecting wind farms using line-end voltage and current measurements received through a limited The aforementioned study clearly shows that, in most of the published papers, the fault behaviors of large-scale DFIG-based wind farms and their impacts on distance relaying-based TL protection schemes are studied thoroughly and demonstrated through simulation results. Similarly, several articles are reported to provide enhanced protection to SCTLs.…”

HRES Integrated DSTATCOM Using High Gain Sepic-Zeta Based WOA Optimized ANFIS-MPPT Controller for PQ Issues

“…Those approaches has been used to enhance the power transfer capability, boost the transient stability effectively and provide better reactive power compensation at low grid voltages [21]. Although, it has those techniques has the drawbacks of Complicated impedance, as it limits the effectiveness of distance protection, additional hardware is required to achieve surge impedance compensation and less effective [22]. To overcome the above stated issues, the developed work integrated with the DSTATCOM technique, which offers reactive power compensation, reducing voltage sag, swell and THD.…”