Enhancing CO2 solubility in the aquifer with the use of a downhole cooler tools

Minireview on CO2 Storage in Deep Saline Aquifers: Methods, Opportunities, Challenges, and Perspectives

“…The proposed method is capable of minimizing the amount of CO 2 entering the formation as free gas entering; thus, the mobility of CO 2 flow is controlled. To introduce CO 2 as liquid into the formation (at 1500 m depth), it is required to reduce the temperature of CO 2 to −10 °C due to the heat exchange with the surrounding environment …”

“…The simulation results show that during injection solubility increases up to 7%, 6%, and 13% and up to 14.5%, 13%, and 21% after injection was stopped at depths of 1000, 1500, and 2700 m, respectively. 62 The above mentioned simulation models have shown improvement in dissolution of CO 2 in brine. However, this suffers from limitations due to cooling the reservoir down near the wellbore, hydrate formation, applicability in the field, etc.…”

“…Besides cavitation and blocking the flowlines, hydrates can plug the pore spaces. 62 Figure 7 presents a CO 2 hydrate formation curve. Formation of hydrates can be remediated by increasing temperature, decreasing pressure, and adding inhibitors.…”

“…To introduce CO 2 as liquid into the formation (at 1500 m depth), it is required to reduce the temperature of CO 2 to −10 °C due to the heat exchange with the surrounding environment. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the work by Abbaszadeh et al 62 is the first paper to evaluate the potential use of downhole coolers for improving density, viscosity, and solubility of CO 2 in relation to a CCS project. In the study, a 3D reservoir model was created using Eclipse 300 software.…”

The influence of temperature on wettability alteration during CO2 storage in saline aquifers

“…In the CaMI field research station, however, since the target formation of Phase 1 is located at a is 6 metres and there is a uniform geothermal temperature equal to 12.6 ˚C (Dongas and Lawton, 2014). It should be noted that the temperature difference between the injected CO 2 and the reservoir's geothermal temperature was the reason for choosing this project for investigating the impact of temperature on the wettability alteration of the reservoir rock (Abbaszadeh and Shariatipour, 2020). Bringing to mind that the wettability will change with temperature; thus, the temperature distribution in the reservoir will change the wettability conditions in some parts of the formation and create a wettability profile.…”