Enhancing antidiabetic and antimicrobial performance of Ocimum basilicum, and Ocimum sanctum (L.) using silver nanoparticles

Abstract

The role of silver nanoparticles (AgNps) is an attractive proposition for advancing modern diabetes therapies and applied science. Stable AgNps with a size range of 3-25 nm were synthesized using aqueous leaf extracts from ,, and in combination. The concentration of the extracts facilitated the reduction of silver nitrate that led to the rapid formation of AgNps at room temperature, indicating a higher reaction rate as opposed to harsh chemical methods, and high conversion energy usually involved in the synthesis. The size, shape and elemental analysis were carried out using UV-Visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential whilst, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) supported by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) was used to identify the type of capping agents. Inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes retards the rate of carbohydrate digestion, thereby provides an alternative and a less evasive strategy of reducing postprandial hyperglycaemia in diabetic patients. The AgNps derived from and, respectively displayed an inhibitory effect at 89.31 ± 5.32%, and 79.74 ± 9.51%, respectively, against α-glucosidase enzyme model, indicating an enhanced biocatalytic potential compared to their respective crude extracts and the control. Furthermore, the emerging rate of infections in diabetic patients validates the need for the discovery of dual diabetes therapies. As a result, the bioderived AgNps displayed antimicrobial activity against bacterial species, ,, , and species.

In vitro evaluation of antioxidant, antineurodegenerative and antidiabetic activities of Ocimum basilicum L., Laurus nobilis L. leaves and Citrus reticulata Blanco peel extracts

“…The results of α-glucosidase inhibition are presented in the (Table 3). Malapermal et al (2017) showed that O. basilicum ethanolic extracts (70% and 60% ethanol) had higher antidiabetic activity than aqueous extract, which is similar to our results in the case of commercial sample. However, aqueous extract of O. basilicum from Lastva had the third best activity of all of the tested samples, which was far higher than the activity of the methanolic extract.…”

Enhanced Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis by Escherichia Coli Transformed with Candida Albicans Metallothionein Gene

“…The broad strong stretch of compounds, ranging from 3200 cm −1 to 3600 cm −1 , were assigned to both phenols (O-H) and amines (N-H) ( Figure 5). These results were generally similar to what has been reported with the exception of isothiocyanate compounds [23,24]. There were no differences in the peaks between the two groups of cells, suggesting that the bacteria probably used similar functional groups in the reduction of metal ions and the formation of NPs.…”

“…Furthermore, it is well accepted that the O-H stretching in alcohols and phenolic compounds are used to reduce the Ag + ions into Ag 0 in the biological synthesis of metal NPs [22][23][24]. Therefore, the FTIR analysis suggested that the bacteria in our study probably used similar reducing agents to reduce Ag + ions to Ag 0 as reported [12,[22][23][24][25]. Interestingly, a possible isothiocyanate (N=C=S) was observed in the bacteria synthesized silver NPs.…”

“…The sharp, strong peak at 1640 cm −1 was probably the stretch of amide I bonds (C=O), from the conversion of C-OH biomolecules. The absorption peak at 1640 cm −1 shows that proteins are interacting with biosynthesized nanoparticles, and also their secondary structure were not affected during reaction with Ag + ions or after binding with silver NPs [23,24], while the peak at around 2090 cm −1 was likely the stretch of isothiocyanate group (N=C=S). The broad strong stretch of compounds, ranging from 3200 cm −1 to 3600 cm −1 , were assigned to both phenols (O-H) and amines (N-H) ( Figure 5).…”

Antioxidant Activity and Inhibitory Potential ofCistus salviifolius(L.) andCistus monspeliensis(L.) Aerial Parts Extracts against Key Enzymes Linked to Hyperglycemia

“…Subsequently, the α -glucosidase located in the brush border surface membrane of intestinal cells hydrolyzes the resulting oligosaccharides into glucose, which is then transported into the blood. The inhibition of α -amylase and α -glucosidase activity in the digestive tract of humans retards absorption of glucose and therefore can be an important strategy in the management of postprandial blood glucose level in diabetic patients [30, 31]. …”