Enhancing ammonia engine efficiency through pre-chamber combustion and dual-fuel compression ignition techniques

Liu, Xinlei; Tang, Qinglong; Im, Hong G.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140622

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Consequently, fuel combustion mode-a secondary fuel with good combustion properties-was used to improve the poor combustion intensity of ammonia. Liu et al optimized combustion and reduced ammonia emission by introducing hydrogen into the precombustion chamber to generate a dispersed jet reaction [8]. However, the traditional dual fuel engine with ammonia port injection still suffered from problems such as low ammonia substitution ratio, high unburned emission, and great NOx emissions [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the flash boiling condition at ambient temperature was explored for ammonia and indicated a wider spray at half-penetration length at phase change. Liu et al used open Foam to conduct a fluid simulation of low-temperature nitrogen and non-low-temperature n-dodecane and ammonia spray under supercritical conditions and found that n-dodecane has higher density and viscosity under supercritical conditions, resulting in higher jet velocity and higher spray concentration [8]. Recently, Tang et al [11] investigated the spray macroscopic and microscopic characteristics at non-flash, transition flash, and flare flash boiling regions with a single-hole injector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Experimental Study on the Flash Boiling Characteristics of Liquid Ammonia Spray in a Constant Volume Chamber under High Injection Pressure

He,

Wu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Processes

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The spray characteristics of liquid ammonia under various ambient pressures and temperatures were analyzed in a constant volume chamber to cover a wide range of superheat degrees. The injection pressure was set as 70 and 80 MPa with ambient pressure ranging from 0.2 to 4 MPa. The ambient temperature was 500 K. The results showed that the higher the injection pressure, the greater the kinetic energy obtained. The droplet fragmentation was enhanced, and the phenomenon of gradual separation of the gas–liquid region occurred with increasing injection pressure. Under flash boiling spray conditions, the spray developed faster than non-flash boiling and transition flash boiling spray under the same injection pressure. In addition, the flash boiling spray tip penetration of the gas and liquid increased more than that of cold spray, and the fluctuation of the late stage of the injection was relatively large. Therefore, the injection pressure has a greater effect on the spray tip penetration of flash boiling spray. Moreover, ambient pressure greatly influences the flare flash boiling spray. The spray resistance phenomenon was found during the spray development in the flare flash boiling condition. With the increase in ambient pressure, the spray tip penetration of flash boiling spray decreases due to the reduction in the pressure difference inside and outside the spray hole and the restriction of ambient gas. Meanwhile, owing to the low ambient pressure and ambient density, the liquid penetration in the initial phase of the flare flash boiling spray will be abnormally shorter than that of the non-flash boiling spray.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Study on the Flash Boiling Characteristics of Liquid Ammonia Spray in a Constant Volume Chamber under High Injection Pressure

He,

Wu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Advancing injection timing showed up to 11% more efficient combustion compared with diesel operation, although nitrogen oxide emissions increased with increasing ammonia energy fraction and advancing injection timing. In an alternative approach, Liu et al [28] studied the possibility of improving ammonia/diesel dual fuel engine efficiency by incorporating a precombustion chamber. The study revealed a notable improvement in thermal efficiency by 7.2% compared to the basic configuration, accompanied by low ammonia emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Investigation of the Influence of Combustion Chamber Characteristics on a Heavy-Duty Ammonia Diesel Dual Fuel Engine

Sehili,

Loubar,

Tarabet

et al. 2024

Energies

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In response to increasingly stringent emissions regulations and the depletion of conventional fuel sources, integrating carbon-free fuels into the transport sector has become imperative. While hydrogen (H2) presents significant technical challenges, ammonia (NH3) could present a better alternative offering ease of transport, storage, and distribution, with both ecological and economic advantages. However, ammonia substitution leads to high emissions of unburned NH3, particularly at high loads. Combustion chamber retrofitting has proven to be an effective approach to remedy this problem. In order to overcome the problems associated with the difficult combustion of ammonia in engines, this study aims to investigate the effect of the piston bowl shape of an ammonia/diesel dual fuel engine on the combustion process. The primary objective is to determine the optimal configuration that offers superior engine performance under high load conditions and with high ammonia rates. In this study, a multi-objective optimization approach is used to control the creation of geometries and the swirl rate under the CONVERGETM 3.1 code. To maximize indicated thermal efficiency and demonstrate the influence of hydrogen enrichment on ammonia combustion in ammonia/diesel dual fuel engines, a synergistic approach incorporating hydrogen enrichment of the primary fuel was implemented. Notably, the optimum configuration, featuring an 85% energy contribution from ammonia, outperforms others in terms of combustion efficiency and pollutant reduction. It achieves over 43% reduction in unburned NH3 emissions and a substantial 31% improvement in indicated thermal efficiency.

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Effect of ammonia energy ratio and load on combustion and emissions of an ammonia/diesel dual-fuel engine

Chen,

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Energy

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Enhancing ammonia engine efficiency through pre-chamber combustion and dual-fuel compression ignition techniques

Cited by 9 publications

References 50 publications

An Experimental Study on the Flash Boiling Characteristics of Liquid Ammonia Spray in a Constant Volume Chamber under High Injection Pressure

An Experimental Study on the Flash Boiling Characteristics of Liquid Ammonia Spray in a Constant Volume Chamber under High Injection Pressure

Computational Investigation of the Influence of Combustion Chamber Characteristics on a Heavy-Duty Ammonia Diesel Dual Fuel Engine

Effect of ammonia energy ratio and load on combustion and emissions of an ammonia/diesel dual-fuel engine

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