Enhancing Adults' and Children’s Earwitness Memory: Examining Three Types of Interviews

Öhman, Lisa; Eriksson, Anders; Granhag, Pär Anders

doi:10.1080/13218719.2012.658205

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Although personal characteristics such as dialect, age, and nationality may be important for establishing a perpetrator profile, it is noteworthy that these are the features that the witnesses reported when explicitly asked to describe the voice . Additionally, in line with past research (Öhman et al , ), almost one third of the descriptions were categorised as situation‐dependent (e.g. angry, stressed, and aroused) and may therefore be of limited value.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Therefore, descriptions may also be useful for enhancing voice encoding, as it requires deliberate processing. Witnesses' voice descriptions have been examined by free recall (Yarmey, 2001;Öhman et al, 2012) and by rating voice characteristics on a scale (Yarmey, 1991b). It has been found that voices are hard to verbally describe in a free recall (e.g.…”

Section: Voice Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earwitness studies involving this particular age group are few, and the findings are somewhat contradictory. One study has found a decrease in performance for 11-to 13-year-olds (Mann, Diamond, & Carey, 1979), whereas other studies have found that 11-to 13-year-olds perform at the same level as adults (Öhman, Eriksson, & Granhag, 2012) or even better than adults (Clifford & Toplis, 1996;Öhman et al, 2011). This mixed pattern of results underlines the need for more research involving this particular age group.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

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Angry Voices from the Past and Present: Effects on Adults' and Children's Earwitness Memory

Öhman

Eriksson

Granhag

2013

Journal Invest Psychology

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The major aim was to examine the effect of the perpetrator's tone of voice and time delay on voice recognition. In addition, the effect of two types of voice description interviews intended to strengthen voice encoding was tested. Both 11‐ to 13‐year‐olds (n = 160) and adults (n = 148) heard an unfamiliar voice for 40 s. The perpetrator either spoke in a normal tone at encoding and in the lineup (congruent), or in an angry tone at encoding and a normal tone in the lineup (incongruent). Witnesses were then interviewed about the voice with global questions or by rating voice characteristics. Half of the witnesses were presented with a lineup shortly after the interview (immediate) and the others after 2 weeks (delayed). Children tested immediately made significantly more correct identifications. This was not the case for adults. (In)congruency between tone of voice and interview type did not significantly affect voice recognition. Witnesses in the congruent–immediate condition performed the best. However, only 25% of the children and 19% of the adults made correct identifications. Poor identification accuracy and the fact that the majority of witnesses believed they would recognise the voice later are reasons for treating voice identification evidence with great caution. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Voice Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 96%

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Angry Voices from the Past and Present: Effects on Adults' and Children's Earwitness Memory

Öhman

Eriksson

Granhag

2013

Journal Invest Psychology

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“…), both in the laboratory and in the field (Colomb & Ginet, 2012;R. Holliday, 2003;Mello & Fisher, 1996;Öhman, Eriksson, & Granhag, 2013;Stein & Memon, 2006;Wright & Holliday, 2007).…”

Section: Research Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Enhanced Cognitive Interview: Towards a Better Use and Understanding of This Procedure

Paulo¹,

Albuquerque

Bull

2013

International Journal of Police Science & Management

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“…Last, another gap in the current research literature is the evident lack of child participants. A small number of studies have utilized child participants and compared the proficiency of different age groups for remembering voices and conversations (Ling & Coombe, ; Öhman et al, ; Öhman, Eriksson, & Granhag, ; Öhman, Eriksson, & Granhag, ). Because very few previous studies have utilized child participants, a two‐week delay, and environmental sound events, the present study aims to investigate children's memory for environmental sound events after a two‐week delay.…”

Section: Auditory Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Children as Earwitnesses: Memory for Emotional Auditory Events

Burrell

Johnson

Melinder

2016

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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We examined the influence of age and emotionality of auditory stimuli on long-term memory for environmental sound events. Sixty children aged 7-11 years were presented with two environmental sound events: an emotional car crash and a neutral event, someone brushing their teeth. The sound events comprised six individual environmental sounds, and the participants passively listened to the sound events through a headset. After a two-week delay, participants performed a cued recall task and a recognition task. Independent of age, children were notably poor at recalling the sound events. Children recalled and recognized significantly more sounds from the emotional sound event than the neutral sound event. Additionally, the older children performed the recall task better than the younger children. The present findings confirm and expand the previously reported superiority of emotional material in memory.

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Enhancing Adults' and Children’s Earwitness Memory: Examining Three Types of Interviews

Cited by 15 publications

References 40 publications

Angry Voices from the Past and Present: Effects on Adults' and Children's Earwitness Memory

Angry Voices from the Past and Present: Effects on Adults' and Children's Earwitness Memory

The Enhanced Cognitive Interview: Towards a Better Use and Understanding of This Procedure

Children as Earwitnesses: Memory for Emotional Auditory Events

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