Enhancements to the Behavioral Parent Training Paradigm for Families of Children with ADHD: Review and Future Directions

Abstract

Behavioral parent training (BPT) is one of the empirically supported psychosocial treatments for ADHD. Over many years and in many studies, BPT has been documented to improve both child ADHD behavior and maladaptive parenting behavior. In some studies, BPT has also been found to result in benefits in additional domains, such as parenting stress and child classroom behavior. However, the BPT literature on children selected as having ADHD lags behind research conducted on BPT for children selected as having oppositional defiant and conduct disorders (ODD and CD, respectively) with regard to examination of factors that may limit treatment attainment, compliance, and outcomes, such as single parenthood, parental psychopathology, and child comorbidity. Because of the high degree of comorbidity between ADHD and ODD/CD, it is difficult to separate the two BPT literatures. The parameters of BPT (e.g.. format and setting), parent factors, and child factors that may contribute to treatment outcomes for families of children with ADHD are reviewed here and recommendations for future BPT research in the area of ADHD are made.

Teletherapy Delivery of Caregiver Behavior Training for Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

“…The second component was a manualized caregiver behavior training intervention for ADHD delivered to each caregiver individually by community therapists who were trained and supervised remotely by a clinical psychologist at Seattle Children's Research Institute. Based on reviews of the evidence base for treating youth with ADHD, [31][32][33] the caregiver training in the CATTS trial was developed, consisting of six sessions designed to cover the topics of psychoeducation, school advocacy, differential attention, commands and follow-through, and implementation of time out or token economy reinforcement systems. 34 Community therapists were trained remotely to deliver the caregiver training by a supervising psychologist at Seattle Children's Research Institute.…”

Advancing Our Knowledge of ADHD in Latino Children: Psychometric and Cultural Properties of Spanish-Versions of Parental/Family Functioning Measures

“…The most common that interfere with their social, educational, and emotional development. Such difficulties typically include comorbid behavioral and learning disorders, peer problems, and parental/family problems (for full reviews, see Chronis et al 2004;Smith et al 2006;Johnston and Mash 2001;Pelham 2002;Pelham et al 2005;Reddy and de Thomas 2007). Decades of research have documented the prevalence of parental/family problems in families of children with ADHD.…”

Enhancing Traditional Behavioral Parent Training for Single Mothers of Children with ADHD

“…In particular, the STEPP program focused on enhancements to the format, delivery, and content of traditional BPT including (a) an enhanced intake procedure that addressed practical barriers to treatment participation, maternal cognitions regarding expectations for treatment, and attributions regarding their children's behavior; (b) incorporating a subgroup, coping-modeling, problem-solving format within the traditional large group format to improve social support between parents and to increase participation among parents; and (c) incorporation of a systematic, problem-solving treatment to address parent-initiated problems. These additions to traditional BPT were included to address several major areas identified in the literature as being important to target with multiply stressed, single mothers: practical barriers to participation, maladaptive cognitions regarding their child and treatment, depression, social support, and life stressors (Chronis et al, 2004;Miller & Prinz, 1990).…”