Enhancements to High Temperature In-Pile Thermocouple Performance

Multifunctional Role of Rare Earth Doping in Optical Materials: Nonaqueous Sol–Gel Synthesis of Stabilized Cubic HfO2 Luminescent Nanoparticles

“…Hafnium dioxide, or hafnia, possesses several outstanding chemical and physical properties making it attractive for a variety of applications. It has been studied over the last decades, mainly in the form of thin films, due to its higher dielectric constant (ε = 25) with respect to silica, a property suitable for its application as new generation high-k gate dielectric in microelectronics. , As a result of its very high melting point (over 2700 °C) and its mechanical resistance, , hafnia has also found application in refractory protective coatings of thermocouples in harsh conditions as in nuclear applications . More recently, hafnia has been considered because of its transparency in the visible range (band gap = 5.3–5.9 eV) .…”

“…1,2 As a result of its very high melting point (over 2700 °C) and its mechanical resistance, 3,4 hafnia has also found application in refractory protective coatings of thermocouples in harsh conditions as in nuclear applications. 5 More recently, hafnia has been considered because of its transparency in the visible range (band gap = 5.3À5.9 eV). 6 Together with chemical inertness, this makes HfO 2 an interesting material for optical applications, when acting as host for rare earths (RE) ions meant as luminescent activators.…”