Enhancement of Zika virus infection by antibodies from West Nile virus seropositive individuals with no history of clinical infection

Garg, Himanshu; Yeh, Rose; Watts, Douglas M.; Mehmetoglu-Gurbuz, Tugba; Resendes, Robert; Parsons, Bruce; Gonzales, Fernando; Joshi, Anjali

doi:10.1186/s12865-020-00389-2

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Lately, several in vitro studies on ADE also reported that cross-reactive West Nile Virus (WNV) Abs enhance ZIKV infection ( 11 , 12 ) and that ZIKV Abs increase WNV, SLEV, Rocio virus (ROCV) and Ilheus virus (ILHV) infection ( 13 ). However, larger clinical studies in flavivirus endemic human populations are needed to establish the role of pre-existing flavivirus humoral responses with either a protective or detrimental role in subsequent flavivirus infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of the Magnitude, Breadth and Depth of the Antibody Response at Epitope Level Following Dengue Infection

et al. 2021

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Dengue is a major public health problem in tropical and sub-tropical regions worldwide. Since the Zika epidemic and the increased co-circulation of other arboviruses, the serology-based diagnosis of dengue has become more problematic due to the high antigenic resemblance, especially among the flavivirus family. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of the diversity, specificity and temporal evolution of the antibody response following dengue infection is needed. In order to close this knowledge gap, we used a high-density peptide microarray of 9,072 linear peptides covering the entire proteome diversity of dengue, Zika, yellow fever and chikungunya viruses. The IgM and IgG antibody responses were measured against the designed microarray in symptomatic dengue infected individuals from an arbovirus endemic area in Peru and in overseas travelers returning to Belgium, as representatives of multiple-exposed and primary infections, respectively. Serum samples were collected longitudinally across four time points over the period of six months in Peru and over two time points in travelers. We show that epitopes eliciting the strongest flavivirus cross-reactive antibodies, in both primary and secondary infections were concentrated in the capsid, E, NS1, NS3 and NS5 proteins. The IgG antibody responses against NS1 and NS3 followed a rise-and-fall pattern, with peak titers between two to four weeks after onset of illness. The response to the E and NS5 proteins increased rapidly in the acute phase and was maintained at stable levels until at least 6 months after illness. A more scattered IgM antibody reactivity across the viral proteome was observed in the acute phase of the disease and that persisted through the 6-month window. The magnitude, breadth (i.e. number of unique epitopes targeted) and depth (i.e. number of epitope variants recognized) of the IgG response was higher in secondary infections compared to primary infections. For IgM antibodies, the magnitude of the response was higher in primary infected individuals whereas the breadth and depth of the response was lower in this group compared with the endemic subjects. Finally, through this arboviral proteome-wide epitope mapping, we were able to identify IgM and IgG dengue-specific epitopes which can be useful serological markers for dengue diagnosis and serostatus determination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of the Magnitude, Breadth and Depth of the Antibody Response at Epitope Level Following Dengue Infection

et al. 2021

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“…Considering the prevalence of WNV infection in the United States, this may have a great potential risk. Further research found that the flavivirus E antibody is related to this cross ADE ( Garg et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Ade Of Representative Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody dependent enhancement: Unavoidable problems in vaccine development

et al. 2021

Advances in Immunology

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“…By now, the flavivirus West Nile virus (WNV) is the main medically relevant mosquito-borne viral threat in European and Eastern Mediterranean countries, being responsible for recurrent outbreaks of febrile illness and meningoencephalitis [ 16 , 17 ]. Interestingly, a diverse degree of cross-reactivity between ZIKV and WNV has been reported, going from a lack of cross-reactive immunity to ADE of infection, or even to heterologous cross-protection [ 8 , 14 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Therefore, ZIKV vaccine candidates that could be used to combat hypothetical future ZIKV outbreaks should consider the potential cross-reactions between WNV and ZIKV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Immune Cross-Reactivity between West Nile Virus and a Zika Virus Vaccine Based on Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara

et al. 2022

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Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus whose infection in pregnant women is associated with a spectrum of birth defects, which are together referred as Congenital Zika Syndrome. In addition, ZIKV can also induce Guillain–Barré syndrome, which is an autoimmune disease with neurological symptoms. The recent description of the first local infections of ZIKV in the European continent together with the expansion of one of its potential vectors, the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus), invite us to be prepared for future outbreaks of ZIKV in this geographical region. However, the antigenic similarities of ZIKV with other flaviviruses can lead to an immune cross-reactivity with other circulating flaviviruses inducing, in some cases, flavivirus-disease exacerbation by antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection, which is a major concern for ZIKV vaccine development. Until now, West Nile virus (WNV) is the main medically relevant flavivirus circulating in the Mediterranean Basin. Therefore, anticipating the potential scenario of emergency vaccination against ZIKV in areas of Europe where WNV is endemic, in this investigation, we have evaluated the cross-reactivity between WNV and our previously developed ZIKV vaccine candidate based on modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector expressing ZIKV structural proteins (MVA-ZIKV). To this end, mice were first immunized with MVA-ZIKV, subsequently challenged with WNV, and then, the ZIKV- and WNV-specific immune responses and protection against WNV were evaluated. Our results indicate low cross-reactivity between the MVA-ZIKV vaccine candidate and WNV and absence of ADE, supporting the safety of this ZIKV vaccine candidate in areas where the circulation of WNV is endemic.

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Enhancement of Zika virus infection by antibodies from West Nile virus seropositive individuals with no history of clinical infection

Cited by 19 publications

References 49 publications

Dynamics of the Magnitude, Breadth and Depth of the Antibody Response at Epitope Level Following Dengue Infection

Dynamics of the Magnitude, Breadth and Depth of the Antibody Response at Epitope Level Following Dengue Infection

Antibody dependent enhancement: Unavoidable problems in vaccine development

Low Immune Cross-Reactivity between West Nile Virus and a Zika Virus Vaccine Based on Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara

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