Enhancement of X-Ray Damage in Synchronous Chinese Hamster Cells by Hypertonic Treatments

Dettor, C. M.; Dewey, William C.; Winans, L. F.; Noel, Jack

doi:10.2307/3573574

Cited by 92 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Such an increase of non-histons in late G1 phase may lead to nuclear volume growth prior to the initiation of DNA synthesis because these non-histones are involved in the structure of the nuclear matrix [4]. Furthermore the nuclear growth during the G1 phase correlates well with observations made by Dettor et al [5] on CHO cells. These authors found that the chromatin of these cells became increasingly dispersed after mitosis until the S phase was reached.…”

Section: Growth Of Nuclear Volumesupporting

confidence: 76%

“…These variations are thought to be correlated with changes in chromatin and DNA concentration [6,8,17,18]. Dettor et al [5] found the CHO cells increase in radiosensitivity when treated with hypertonic salt solutions which condense the chromatin. Kendall et al [14] reported that certain geometric parameters of CHO cells, such as nuclear area and perimeter are not necessarily correlated with the DNA content.…”

Section: Correlation To Radiosensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellular and nuclear volume of human cells during the cell cycle

Fidorra

Mielke

Booz

et al. 1981

Radiat Environ Biophys

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The volumes of whole cells and nuclei of cultured human cells were studied at different times after synchronization of growth using the Coulter counter and scanning microphotometry. It was found that the increase in cell volume is compatible with both linear or exponential growth during the cell cycle. The growth of the nuclear volume is not correlated with the beginning of the DNA synthesis. The nuclear volume starts to increase already 6 hr prior DNA synthesis. The data also indicate that the nuclear volume growth could proceed in two stages. The relation of this result to radiation sensitivity is discussed.

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Section: Growth Of Nuclear Volumesupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Correlation To Radiosensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and nuclear volume of human cells during the cell cycle

Fidorra

Mielke

Booz

et al. 1981

Radiat Environ Biophys

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“…Our studies (figures 5 and 6) might suggest the same except that the hypertonic treatment which condensed the chromatin (Dettor et al 1972 cells from dividing, and (2) reduced division delay only because the unirradiated cells were delayed by the hypertonic treatment . Although the studies of Whitfield et al (1962 and Perris et al (1967) indicate that chromatin condensing agents (e .g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…in late S near maximal sensitivity for division delay but minimal sensitivity for cell killing and chromosomal aberrations? Secondly, do treatments with bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) or hypertonic medium which are known to sensitize cells in terms of cell killing and chromosomal aberrations (Dettor, Dewey, Winans and Noel 1972, Dewey and Humphrey 1965b, Dewey, Stone, Miller and Giblak 1971 also sensitize the cells in terms of division delay? Such studies should furnish evidence as to whether or not the lesions responsible for division delay are the same as those responsible for chromosomal aberrations and cell killing .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray-induced Delay in the Chinese Hamster Cell-cycle: Dependence on Phase Irradiated under Different Culturing Conditions, BUdR Incorporation, and Hypertonic Treatment

Miller

Dewey

Miller

1973

International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies

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Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, synchronized by selecting mitotic cells, received 300 rads of X-radiation at various intervals during the cell-cycle and were examined for cell number until they had completed their next wave of division . These growth curves were analysed for division delay in relation to type of media, i .e . modified Ham's F-10 or modified McCoy's 5 a, and to culturing conditions, i .e . monolayer or suspension . Regardless of the type of media or culturing conditions used, mitotic cells were delayed somewhat longer (0 . 55 min/rad) than early-mid G, cells, and then the delay increased with cell age from early-mid G, (0 . 32 min/rad) to late S-early G 2 (0 . 84 min/rad) . Thus, radiosensitivity during the cell-cycle approaches in late S phase a maximum for division delay in contrast to a minimum for cell killing and chromosomal aberrations. Furthermore, division delay was not increased by either incorporating bromodeoxyuridine into the DNA or treating the cells with hypertonic medium,' although each of these treatments increased mortality and chromosomal aberrations by factors of 1 .45-2 . 0 . All this evidence suggests that the site of action involved in X-ray-induced division delay differs from that involved in chromosomal aberrations and cell killing .

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“…Several hypotheses such as release of lysosomal enzymes [Allison and Paton, 1965;Bradley et al, 19871, amino acid deficiency [Paton et al, 19651 and interference with cellular DNA synthesis [Nichols, 19641 have been proposed. Recently, it was reported that externally manipulated cell culture conditions such as ionic imbalances related to pH [Cipollaro et al, 1986;Brusik, 19861 and hyper-and hypotonic culture medium [Dettor et al, 1972;Brinkley et al, 1980;Galloway et al, 1987;Nowak, 19871 can cause genomic damage. We have observed that CMV infection of permissive cells affects the intracellular level of free [Ca2'], induces Na' entry into cells, and causes swelling of infected cells [Albrecht et al, 1984;Nokta et al, 1987, 19881.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of chromosome aberrations and mitotic arrest by cytomegalovirus in human cells

AbuBakar

Legator

et al. 1988

Environ. mutagen

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Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is potentially an effective but often overlooked genotoxic agent in humans. We report here evidence that indicates that infection by CMV can induce chromosome alterations and mitotic inhibition. The frequency of chromosome aberrations induced was dependent on the input multiplicity of infection (m.0.i.) for human lung fibroblasts (LU), but not for human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) when both cell types were infected at the GO phase of the cell cycle. The aberrations induced by CMV were mostly chromatid breaks and chromosome pulverizations that resembled prematurely condensed S-phase chromatin. Pulverized chromosomes were not observed in LU cells infected with virus stocks that had been rendered nonlytic by UV-irradiation at 24,000 ergs/mm2 or from infection of human lymphocytes. In LU cells infected with UV-irradiated CMV, the frequency of aberrations induced was inversely dependent on the extent of the exposure of the CMV stock to the UV-light. In permisive CMV infection of proliferating LU cells at 24 hr after subculture, a high percentage (> 40%) of the metaphase cells were arrested at their first metaphase and displayed severely condensed chromosomes when harvested 48 hr later. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in the chromosome aberration frequency was also observed. Our study shows that CMV infection is genotoxic to host cells. The types and extent of damage are dependent on the viral genome expression and on the cell cycle stage of the cells at the time of infection. The possible mechanisms for induction of chromosome damage by CMV are discussed.

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Enhancement of X-Ray Damage in Synchronous Chinese Hamster Cells by Hypertonic Treatments

Cited by 92 publications

References 19 publications

Cellular and nuclear volume of human cells during the cell cycle

Cellular and nuclear volume of human cells during the cell cycle

X-ray-induced Delay in the Chinese Hamster Cell-cycle: Dependence on Phase Irradiated under Different Culturing Conditions, BUdR Incorporation, and Hypertonic Treatment

Induction of chromosome aberrations and mitotic arrest by cytomegalovirus in human cells

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