Enhancement of water and salt penetration resistance into mortar cement composited with vulcanized natural rubber compound

Abstract

Vulcanized natural rubber compound plays an important role to be used as a reinforcement phase for mortar-cement-paste matrix. Natural rubber is an organic binder to increase good adhesion for the flexible-film formation and waterproof membrane within the mortar matrix. Adding sulfur as a curing agent into natural rubber latex can increase chemical bridge bonding within the mortar cement paste matrix. Embedding vulcanized natural rubber 30 wt% (PMC-30) with a sulfur curing system was employed to increase physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties due to interconnective bonding. PMC-30 possessed low water absorption of less than 10%. After 28 days of curing, they possessed a high thermal shock resistance, a low percentage of salt solution absorption, and no thermal deterioration. The mortar composite embedded with the vulcanized natural rubber compound 30 wt% (PMC-30) was an alternative mortar composite formula suitable for use in the seawater, beaches, and salt contact areas due to the lowest percentage of salt solution absorption (1.94%), low water absorption (3.17% ± 0.74), good thermal shock resistance, and the highest flexural strength (6.72 ± 0.39 MPa). Therefore, adding the vulcanized natural rubber compound in mortar cement is a good way to improve the flexural strength and water resistance of mortar cement.

Optimizing natural rubber blends for examination gloves: Vacuum radiation for mechanical strength and solvent barrier

“…Previous study revealed that sulfur‐cured thermoplastics vulcanizates had the highest tensile strength, elongation at break, storage modulus, and rubber elasticity due to the presence of sulfidic linkages 4 . Another study has revealed that sulfur‐vulcanized NR composite with a 30 wt% loading exhibited the lowest salt solution and water absorption, measuring less than 10% 5 . In a recent study, Supramaniam and coworkers fabricated an innovative self‐healing glove using epoxidized natural rubber, demonstrating its chemical resistance comparable to that of nitrile and NR latex gloves 6 .…”

“…4 Another study has revealed that sulfur-vulcanized NR composite with a 30 wt% loading exhibited the lowest salt solution and water absorption, measuring less than 10%. 5 In a recent study, Supramaniam and coworkers fabricated an innovative self-healing glove using epoxidized natural rubber, demonstrating its chemical resistance comparable to that of nitrile and NR latex gloves. 6 Although the sulfur-vulcanized NR gloves have shown good mechanical performance, the addition of sulfur could increase NR degradation time in the natural environment and decrease microbial activity due to the formation of strong sulfide crosslinks in the rubber chains.…”