Enhancement of the Wear Resistance and Microhardness of Aluminum Alloy by Nd:YaG Laser Treatment

Hussein, Haitham T.; Kadhim, Abdulhadi; Al-Amiery, Ahmed A.; Kadhum, Abdul Amir H.; Mohamad, Abu Bakar

doi:10.1155/2014/842062

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The variation of surface hardness with heat input reported in Figure 11 supported the wear behavior of the specimens under different laser parameters. When the hardness level increases, the wear resistance also increases [ 29 , 30 ]. Furthermore, as seen in Figure 12 and Figure 13 , the depth of hardening was reduced at lower laser powers and at higher laser scanning speeds (lower heat input conditions).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Laser Surface-Treated Martensitic Stainless Steel

et al. 2017

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Laser surface treatment was carried out on AISI 416 machinable martensitic stainless steel containing 0.225 wt.% sulfur. Nd:YAG laser with a 2.2-KW continuous wave was used. The aim was to compare the physical and chemical properties achieved by this type of selective surface treatment with those achieved by the conventional treatment. Laser power of different values (700 and 1000 W) with four corresponding different laser scanning speeds (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 m·min−1) was adopted to reach the optimum conditions for impact toughness, wear, and corrosion resistance for laser heat treated (LHT) samples. The 0 °C impact energy of LHT samples indicated higher values compared to the conventionally heat treated (CHT) samples. This was accompanied by the formation of a hard surface layer and a soft interior base metal. Microhardness was studied to determine the variation of hardness values with respect to the depth under the treated surface. The wear resistance at the surface was enhanced considerably. Microstructure examination was characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopes. The corrosion behavior of the LHT samples was also studied and its correlation with the microstructures was determined. The corrosion data was obtained in 3.5% NaCl solution at room temperature by means of a potentiodynamic polarization technique.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Laser Surface-Treated Martensitic Stainless Steel

et al. 2017

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“…One important characteristic of the laser surface treatment implemented in this study is that the rapid solidification process produces a homogenous surface with little thermal penetration, resulting in little to no distortion [21]. Laser treatment has been shown to improve surface hardness and wear corrosion [22][23][24][25]. Other sources of pain after primary total hip replacement (THR), as recorded by the UK National Joint Registry (NJR), include adverse soft tissue reaction to particulates and to infection, both of which can be improved upon by combining better material selection in the form of a novel beta titanium alloy with surface modification using fibre laser treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibre Laser Treatment of Beta TNZT Titanium Alloys for Load-Bearing Implant Applications: Effects of Surface Physical and Chemical Features on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Response and Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial Attachment

et al. 2019

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A mismatch in bone and implant elastic modulus can lead to aseptic loosening and ultimately implant failure. Selective elemental composition of titanium (Ti) alloys coupled with surface treatment can be used to improve osseointegration and reduce bacterial adhesion. The biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of Ti-35Nb-7Zr-6Ta (TNZT) using fibre laser surface treatment were assessed in this work, due to its excellent material properties (low Young’s modulus and non-toxicity) and the promising attributes of fibre laser treatment (very fast, non-contact, clean and only causes changes in surface without altering the bulk composition/microstructure). The TNZT surfaces in this study were treated in a high speed regime, specifically 100 and 200 mm/s, (or 6 and 12 m/min). Surface roughness and topography (WLI and SEM), chemical composition (SEM-EDX), microstructure (XRD) and chemistry (XPS) were investigated. The biocompatibility of the laser treated surfaces was evaluated using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultured in vitro at various time points to assess cell attachment (6, 24 and 48 h), proliferation (3, 7 and 14 days) and differentiation (7, 14 and 21 days). Antibacterial performance was also evaluated using Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Live/Dead staining. Sample groups included untreated base metal (BM), laser treated at 100 mm/s (LT100) and 200 mm/s (LT200). The results demonstrated that laser surface treatment creates a rougher (Ra value of BM is 199 nm, LT100 is 256 nm and LT200 is 232 nm), spiky surface (Rsk > 0 and Rku > 3) with homogenous elemental distribution and decreasing peak-to-peak distance between ripples (0.63 to 0.315 µm) as the scanning speed increases (p < 0.05), generating a surface with distinct micron and nano scale features. The improvement in cell spreading, formation of bone-like nodules (only seen on the laser treated samples) and subsequent four-fold reduction in bacterial attachment (p < 0.001) can be attributed to the features created through fibre laser treatment, making it an excellent choice for load bearing implant applications. Last but not least, the presence of TiN in the outermost surface oxide might also account for the improved biocompatibility and antibacterial performances of TNZT.

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“…The shockwaves passes during the liquid and create an extra and immediate pressure. The confined liquid shows numbers of features: the liquid has thermal conductivity greater than the air, the cooling is generally easier under confined liquid, the confined liquid minifies the heat affected zone and residual thermal detriments, and causes the bubble formation that facilitates bubble motion through the confined liquid [16]. Friction and wear processes, in general are related to direct physical interaction between relatively moving surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-Ray Fluorescence of Copper, Nickle and Zinc Nanoparticles in Motor Oil Prepared by Laser Treatment

Kadhim

Al-Amiery

2021

ARFMTS

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This paper represents an attempt to link different techniques such as laser and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Where we used the laser in preparation and used X-rays to diagnose and analyze for non-traditional samples. The experimental procedure of the LSP is done by using a convergent lens to deliver 600 mJ (1064 nm) of energy and 10 ns laser pulse produced by Q-switched Nd:YAG laser of 1.5 mm spot size in diameter. Doubled distilled deionized water (DDDW) of 3 mm depth is used as transparent confining layer. X-Ray fluorescence technique used to analyze and determine the concentration of different nanoparticles suspended in motor oil. The results showed the accuracy in XRF measurements. the results of the motor oil analysis for Cu, Ni and Zn were 0.1225, 0.0480 and 0.000 weight percent respectively. Maximum relative error between actual measurements and XRF measurements were 6.5%, 10% and 12.5 for Cu, Ni and Zn nanoparticles respectively. The best percentage of suspension is 0.01 wt.%.

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Enhancement of the Wear Resistance and Microhardness of Aluminum Alloy by Nd:YaG Laser Treatment

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

Characterization of a Laser Surface-Treated Martensitic Stainless Steel

Characterization of a Laser Surface-Treated Martensitic Stainless Steel

Fibre Laser Treatment of Beta TNZT Titanium Alloys for Load-Bearing Implant Applications: Effects of Surface Physical and Chemical Features on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Response and Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial Attachment

X-Ray Fluorescence of Copper, Nickle and Zinc Nanoparticles in Motor Oil Prepared by Laser Treatment

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