Enhancement of the Thermoelectric Properties and Transition of Conduction Mechanism from Nearest Neighbor to Variable Range Hopping of Ni-Doped CoSb3

Masarrat, Anha; Bhogra, Anuradha; Meena, Ravi Kumar; Urkude, Rajashri; Niazi, A.

doi:10.1007/s11664-022-09547-1

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…It is seen that the σ DC decreases after doping the PC 71 BM with SC13 or SC3 imines in the entire temperature range. Although the conductivity of PC 71 BM decreases after doping with imines SC13 and SC3 (contrary to the case of CoSb 3 doped with Ni atoms 53 ), the increase in σ' with increasing temperature proves the semiconducting nature of all studied systems based on PC 71 BM. There are basically three regions with different conduction mechanisms for each sample: high temperature with band conduction (BC), intermediate temperature with NNH hopping and low temperature with VRH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

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A new look at imines and their mixture with PC71BM for organic, flexible photovoltaics

Bogdanowicz,

Lalik,

Ratajczyk

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Due to its high electron affinity and electron mobility in a wide absorption range of the visible solar spectrum, [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) is often used as an efficient acceptor in organic photovoltaics. In turn, imines are additives to the active layer of organic solar cells, mainly due to the free electron pair of the imine nitrogen atom and the presence of various chemical groups affecting the polarity and conformations of molecules. However, the attainable efficiency is not as high as expected. Therefore, we have systematically investigated two imines and their mixtures with PC71BM by spectroscopic (the high pressure UV–Vis and frequency domain dielectric), thermoelectric, and mechanical methods for organic, flexible photovoltaics. Both the imines, (N,NʹE,N,NʹE)-N,Nʹ-([2,2ʹ:5ʹ,2ʺ-terthiophene]-5,5ʺ-diylbis(methanylylidene))bis(benzo[d]thiazol-2-imine) (SC3) and (6E)-N-((5-(5-(5-((E)-(4-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)phenylimino)methyl)thiophen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)methylene)-4-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)benzenamine (SC13), have the same core composed of three thiophene rings but different terminal chains of the molecules. In the imine SC3, the imine bond is followed by benzothiazole rings on both sides of the core, while in SC13, a thiazole ring separates two benzene rings, the terminal one F-substituted. The difference in molecular structure affects the electric properties of the neat imine and its mixed layers. An addition of PC71BM to the imines improves their electric conductivity. The mechanical studies focused on the stress at break and elongation showed superior behaviour compared to fullerene derivative. High pressure systematically reduces the band gap energy, Eg, from 1.68 eV at 0.16 GPa to 1.51 eV at 2.69 GPa for PC71BM, from 1.77 eV at 0.1 MPa to 1.53 eV at 4.15 GPa for SC3, and from 1.99 eV at 0.11 GPa to 1.8 eV at 3.10 GPa for SC13, as determined by the UV–Vis absorbance measurements in a diamond-anvil cell. These Eg reductions reflect the compressed intermolecular interactions that can be used to monitor the structural stability of these compounds. Based on the dielectric studies it was found that the relaxation processes registered for both imines are probably the grain boundary relaxation. Two processes also appear in the systems with PC71BM, but none of them is the one characteristic of imines. The high-frequency process has a dipole character while the low-frequency one is probably the grain boundary relaxation of these systems. The mechanism of quasi-DC conduction in various temperature ranges in the studied systems was also determined.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…It is known that there are two conduction mechanisms in semiconductors: band conduction (BC) and hopping (nearest-neighbor hopping—NNH and variable-range hopping—VRH) 52 , 53 . All types of conduction can occur simultaneously, but the type that is associated with the least resistance to the carriers predominates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new look at imines and their mixture with PC71BM for organic, flexible photovoltaics

Bogdanowicz,

Lalik,

Ratajczyk

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…This reduction in resistivity suggests the effective activation of Ni atoms as electron donors within the material. The observed decrease in resistivity with Ni composites can be attributed to the additional electrons or free charge carriers contributed by Ni to the Fermi level [33]. Also, this linear decline in electrical resistivity with increasing nickel content corresponds to the concurrent rise in carrier concentration, n and the decrease in mobility (μ), as indicated in table 4 [34,35].…”

Section: Electrical Transport Studies 331 Electrical Resistivitymentioning

confidence: 83%

Incorporation of Ni in Cu₂SnSe₃: An insight into the reduction in electrical resistivity

Jagan,

Gurung,

Shanubhogue U

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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In the present study, Cu2SnSe3/x% Ni (x = 0, 1, 2 and 3 wt.%) composite thermoelectric were synthesized using solid-state reaction followed by sintering in the mid-temperature range 300-570 K. XRD studies revealed that the samples have a diamond cubic structure with the F4 ̅3m space group. Scanning Electron Microscopy indicates that the synthesized samples possess homogeneous surfaces with fewer pores. The sample with 3% Ni exhibits an approximately eight-fold increase in electrical conductivity than the pure sample at 307 K. However, the addition of Ni decreased the Seebeck coefficient, resulting in a lower overall power factor (PF) for the composites. The highest PF of ~420 μW/mK², was observed in the pristine sample at 570 K. Although Ni addition improves electrical properties, it negatively impacts the overall thermoelectric performance due to the significant reduction in Seebeck coefficient, thereby lowering the overall power factor.

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Annealing engineering induced high thermoelectric performance in Yb-filled CoSb3 skutterudites

Feng

Deng

Zhong

et al. 2023

Journal of Materials Science & Technology

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Enhancement of the Thermoelectric Properties and Transition of Conduction Mechanism from Nearest Neighbor to Variable Range Hopping of Ni-Doped CoSb3

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

A new look at imines and their mixture with PC71BM for organic, flexible photovoltaics

A new look at imines and their mixture with PC71BM for organic, flexible photovoltaics

Incorporation of Ni in Cu₂SnSe₃: An insight into the reduction in electrical resistivity

Annealing engineering induced high thermoelectric performance in Yb-filled CoSb3 skutterudites

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Enhancement of the Thermoelectric Properties and Transition of Conduction Mechanism from Nearest Neighbor to Variable Range Hopping of Ni-Doped CoSb3

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

A new look at imines and their mixture with PC71BM for organic, flexible photovoltaics

A new look at imines and their mixture with PC71BM for organic, flexible photovoltaics

Incorporation of Ni in Cu2SnSe3: An insight into the reduction in electrical resistivity

Annealing engineering induced high thermoelectric performance in Yb-filled CoSb3 skutterudites

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Incorporation of Ni in Cu₂SnSe₃: An insight into the reduction in electrical resistivity