Enhancement of the Duty Cycle Cooperative Medium Access Control for Wireless Body Area Networks

Abstract

This paper presents a novel energy-efficient and reliable connection to enhance the transmission of data over a shared medium for wireless body area networks (WBAN). We propose a novel protocol of two master nodes-based cooperative protocol. In the proposed protocol, two master nodes were considered, that is, the belt master node and the outer body master node. The master nodes work cooperatively to avoid the retransmission process by sensors due to fading and collision, reducing the bit error rate (BER), which results in a reduction of the duty cycle and average transmission power. In addition, we have also presented a mathematical model of the duty cycle with the proposed protocol for the WBAN. The results show that the proposed cooperative protocol reduced the BER by a factor of 4. The average transmission power is reduced by a factor of 0.21 and this shows the potential of the proposed technique to be used in future wearable wireless sensors and systems. INDEX TERMS Wireless body area network, cooperative communication, duty cycle, bit error rate, average transmission power, energy efficiency.

Reliable data transmission: An IoT health-based paradiam

“…d) Care-Services tier (tier#4), via this tier, the received data patient server, the Patient server: in this tier, the data are stored, analyzed and sent to the designated service, for example, for urgent matters, health specialist, or family. There has been more than one sensor spread all around a body in a uniform way for observing the condition of health, and the sensors collected as well as transferred information towards MN or master node [22,23]. As a WBAN which can be established on the star topology of the single hop type, all sensors transfer the information of theirs instantly towards the master node.…”

IoT for health-based system: analog network coding with energy harvesting

“…In the conventional topology of WBSN networks, various sensors distributes in an identical way on a body for monitoring every significant sign, after that, the sensor gathered and transfers information towards the CN [22]. Hence, WBSNs are built on the topology of single hop star, the entire sensors tranfers the collected information on over the air environment or HBC towards the CN [23].…”

Energy harvesting Internet of Things health-based paradigm: Towards outage probability reduction through inter–wireless body area network cooperation

“…If the T2 device does not receive the data correctly, it then transmits back negative acknowledgement signal (NACK), the CN2 retransmits what is received from the sensor to the T2 device, and the T2 device sums up the received signal via MRC. 28,29 The overall sequence of EH-IIWC is shown in Figure 3(c).…”