Enhancement of Rydberg Atom Interactions Using ac Stark Shifts

Bohlouli-Zanjani, P.; Petrus, Joseph A.; Martin, J. D. D.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.98.203005

Cited by 87 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Microwave or millimeter wave coupling is of interest in the context of precision measurement of the Rydberg quantum defects [20], electric fields [21], and studies of multiphoton ionization [22], which can exhibit features of dynamical localisation [23,24]. In addition the microwave field can be used to enhance resonant energy transfer to dipole-coupled pairstates [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave dressing of Rydberg dark states

Танаситтикосол¹,

Pritchard²,

Maxwell³

et al. 2011

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

103

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Abstract. We study electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the 5s→5p→46s ladder system of a cold 87 Rb gas. We show that the resonant microwave coupling between the 46s and 45p states leads to an Autler-Townes splitting of the EIT resonance. This splitting can be employed to vary the group index by ±10 5 allowing independent control of the propagation of dark state polaritons. We also demonstrate that microwave dressing leads to enhanced interaction effects. In particular, we present evidence for a 1/R 3 energy shift between Rydberg states resonantly coupled by the microwave field and the ensuing breakdown of the pair-wise interaction approximation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave dressing of Rydberg dark states

Танаситтикосол¹,

Pritchard²,

Maxwell³

et al. 2011

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

103

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“…Furthermore, dipolar interactions between highly excited atoms have been proposed as a mechanism for 'Rydberg blockade' 6,7 , which might provide a novel approach to a number of quantum protocols [8][9][10][11] . Dipolar interactions between Rydberg atoms were observed several decades ago 12 and have been studied recently in a many-body regime using cold atoms [13][14][15][16][17][18] . However, to harness Rydberg blockade for controlled quantum dynamics, it is necessary to achieve strong interactions between single pairs of atoms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of Rydberg blockade between two atoms

et al. 2009

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Blockade interactions whereby a single particle prevents the flow or excitation of other particles provide a mechanism for control of quantum states, including entanglement of two or more particles. Blockade has been observed for electrons 1-3 , photons 4 and cold atoms 5 . Furthermore, dipolar interactions between highly excited atoms have been proposed as a mechanism for 'Rydberg blockade' 6,7 , which might provide a novel approach to a number of quantum protocols [8][9][10][11] . Dipolar interactions between Rydberg atoms were observed several decades ago 12 and have been studied recently in a many-body regime using cold atoms [13][14][15][16][17][18] . However, to harness Rydberg blockade for controlled quantum dynamics, it is necessary to achieve strong interactions between single pairs of atoms. Here, we demonstrate that a single Rydberg-excited rubidium atom blocks excitation of a second atom located more than 10 µm away. The observed probability of double excitation is less than 20%, consistent with a theoretical model of the Rydberg interaction augmented by Monte Carlo simulations that account for experimental imperfections.The mechanism of Rydberg blockade is shown in Fig. 1a. Two atoms, one labelled 'control' and the other 'target', are placed in proximity with each other. The ground state |1 and Rydberg state |r of each atom form a two-level system that is coupled by laser beams with Rabi frequency Ω . Application of a 2π pulse (Ωt = 2π with t being the pulse duration) on the target atom results in excitation and de-excitation of the target atom giving a phase shift of π on the quantum state, |1 t → −|1 t . If the control atom is excited to the Rydberg state before application of the 2π pulse, the dipole-dipole interaction |r c ↔ |r t shifts the Rydberg level by an amount B that detunes the excitation of the target atom so that it is blocked and |1 t → |1 t . Thus, the excitation dynamics and phase of the target atom depend on the state of the control atom. Combining this Rydberg-blockade-mediated controlled-phase operation 6 with π/2 single-atom rotations between states |0 t and |1 t of the target will implement the CNOT gate between two atoms. We have previously demonstrated the ability to carry out ground-state rotations at individual trapping sites 19 , as well as coherent excitation from ground to Rydberg states at a single site 20 . Here, we describe experiments that demonstrate the Rydberg blockade effect between two neutral atoms separated by more than 10 µm, which is an enabling step towards creation of entangled atomic states. Previous demonstrations of neutral-atom entanglement have relied on shortrange collisions at length scales characterized by a low-energy scattering length of about 10 nm (refs 21,22). Our results, using laser-cooled and optically trapped 87 Rb, extend the distance for strong two-atom interactions by three orders of magnitude, and place us in a regime where the interaction distance is large compared with 1 µm, which is the characteristic wavelength of light needed for...

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“…This would help to test our model at the longer interaction times, which are of interest to quantum information processing. Microwave spectroscopy of resonant collisions [38,39] can be additionally applied as a sensitive probe and control tool.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of finite detection efficiency on the observation of the dipole-dipole interaction of a few Rydberg atoms

et al. 2007

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We have developed a simple analytical model describing multiatom signals that are measured in experiments on dipole-dipole interaction at resonant collisions of a few Rydberg atoms. It has been shown that finite efficiency of the selective field-ionization detector leads to the mixing up of the spectra of resonant collisions registered for various numbers of Rydberg atoms. The formulas which help to estimate an appropriate mean Rydberg atom number for a given detection efficiency are presented. We have found that a measurement of the relation between the amplitudes of collisional resonances observed in the one-and two-atom signals provides a straightforward determination of the absolute detection efficiency and mean Rydberg atom number. We also performed a testing experiment on resonant collisions in a small excitation volume of a sodium atomic beam. The resonances observed for 1-4 detected Rydberg atoms have been analyzed and compared with theory.

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Enhancement of Rydberg Atom Interactions Using ac Stark Shifts

Cited by 87 publications

References 22 publications

Microwave dressing of Rydberg dark states

Microwave dressing of Rydberg dark states

Observation of Rydberg blockade between two atoms

Effect of finite detection efficiency on the observation of the dipole-dipole interaction of a few Rydberg atoms

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